70, , , | ||
, ← 6 | 7 | 8 → , , |
---|---|---|
Native isol.: 일곱 (ilgop) Native attr.: 일곱 (ilgop) Sino: 칠 (chil) Ordinal: 일곱체 (ilgopche) Number of days: 일뤠 (illwe) |
Likely from Middle Korean 닐굽〮 (nìlkwúp) and cognate with Korean 일곱 (ilgop).
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ilgop |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ilgob |
Yale Romanization? | ilkwop |
일곱 (ilgop)
일곱 (ilgop)
70 | ||
← 6 | 7 | 8 → |
---|---|---|
Native isol.: 일곱 (ilgop) Native attr.: 일곱 (ilgop) Sino-Korean: 칠 (chil) Hanja: 七 Ordinal: 일곱째 (ilgopjjae) |
First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 一急 */ʔiɪt̚ kiɪp̚/. In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 닐굽〮 (Yale: nìlkwúp).
Beyond this, the reconstruction of the ancestral Koreanic root for "seven" is difficult. See a list of relevant attestations and forms in Appendix:Historical Koreanic numerals#Seven.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ilgop |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ilgob |
McCune–Reischauer? | ilgop |
Yale Romanization? | il.kop |
일곱 • (ilgop)
In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.
The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.
Native classifiers take native numerals.
Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.
Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.
For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.
When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.
While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.