𐰴𐰺𐰀

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Old Turkic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kara (black). Cognate with Chuvash хура (hura), Old Uyghur 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐽰 (kara), Khalaj qara, Turkish kara, Uzbek qora, Bashkir ҡара (qara), Yakut хара (qara). Compare also Mongolian хар (xar).

For the second sense, compare Old Uyghur 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐽰 (kara, vulgar, plebeian).

Adjective

𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qara)

  1. black
    • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 53
      𐰴𐰺𐰀:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰃𐱃:𐰖𐰆𐰺𐰃𐰑𐰃:𐰴𐰢𐰍:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐰖𐰍𐰑𐰃
      qara:bulït:yorïdï:qamaɣ:üze:yaɣdï
      A black cloud passed; it rained over everything.
  2. poor
    Synonym: 𐰲𐰃𐰍𐰪 (čïɣań)
    Antonym: 𐰉𐰖 (bay)
    • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 63
      𐰴𐰺𐰀:𐰴𐰢𐰍:𐰾𐰇𐰾𐰃:𐰇𐰏𐰃𐰼𐰼:𐱅𐰃𐰼
      qara:qamaɣ:süsi:ögirer:tér
      All his poor soldiers rejoice, it says.

See also

Colors in Old Turkic · 𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰍 (boduɣ) (layout · text)
     𐰀𐰴 (āq), 𐰇𐰼𐰭 (ürüŋ)      𐰉𐰆𐰔 (boz)      𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qara)
             𐰶𐰃𐰔𐰞 (qïzïl), 𐰞 (al)              𐰘𐰏𐰼𐰤 (yegren), 𐱃𐰆𐰺𐰍 (toruɣ); 𐰖𐰍𐰔 (yaɣïz), 𐰉𐰆𐰔 (boz)              𐰽𐰺𐰍 (sarïɣ)
                          𐰖𐱁𐰞 (yašïl)             
                          𐰚𐰇𐰚 (kök)             
                                      

References

  • Tekin, Talât (1968) “qara”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 643
  • Tekin, Talât (1993) “k(a)ra”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 56
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kara”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 233
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kara”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill