λύσσα

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Somewhat disputedly, thought to be equivalent to λῠ́κος m (lúkos, wolf) +‎ -ια (-ia, abstract noun suffix) (but formed already in Proto-Hellenic, like ὄσσᾰ (óssa) and γλῶσσᾰ (glôssa), which is necessary to account for the sound shift), thus the original meaning would have been “the state of being wolfish”.
Beekes maintains this etymology but, like Pokorny, considers the Greek root for “wolf” to be from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (to shine; light) rather than *wĺ̥kʷos (wolf) with deformation. Compare the same root in such phrases as λευκαὶ φρένες· μαινόμεναι (leukaì phrénes; mainómenai, raging, frenzied, literally glowing minds raving) and λευκῶν πραπίδων· κακῶν φρενῶν (leukôn prapídōn; kakôn phrenôn, identical meaning, literally of evil minds of glowing hearts).

The less commonly held comparison to λῡ́ω (lū́ō, to untie, let loose) is probably to be abandoned.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

λύσσᾰ (lússaf (genitive λύσσης); first declension

  1. rage, fury
  2. mania, raging madness
    1. fanaticism
  3. rabies (of dogs)

Inflection

Derived terms

Assuming the etymology given by Pokorny and Beekes:

More at λῠ́κος (lúkos, wolf).

Descendants

  • English: lyssa (learned)
  • German: Lyssa (learned)
  • Greek: λύσσα (lýssa)

References

Greek

 λύσσα on Greek Wikipedia

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λύσσα (lússa), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (wolf).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlisa/
  • Hyphenation: λύσ‧σα

Noun

λύσσα (lýssaf (uncountable)

  1. (medicine) rabies (animal and human disease caused by species of Lyssavirus)
    Φύγε μακριά απ’ αυτό το σκυλί· έχει λύσσα και αν σε δαγκώσει, τελείωσες.
    Fýge makriá ap’ aftó to skylí; échei lýssa kai an se dagkósei, teleíoses.
    Get away from that dog; it has rabies and if it bites you, you're finished.
  2. (figuratively) rage, fierceness, fury
    Synonyms: οργή (orgí), τρέλα (tréla), μανία (manía), ορμητικότητα (ormitikótita), αλλοφροσύνη (allofrosýni)
    Η θάλασσα χτυπούσε με λύσσα πάνω στα βράχια.
    I thálassa chtypoúse me lýssa páno sta vráchia.
    The sea bashed the rocks with fury.
  3. (figuratively, followed by με (me) or για (gia)) obsession with/for, mania with/for
    Synonym: μανία (manía)
    Έχω λύσσα για τον τζόγο.
    Écho lýssa gia ton tzógo.
    I am obsessed with gambling.
  4. overly salty food
    Αυτά τα μπιφτέκια είναι λύσσα.
    Aftá ta biftékia eínai lýssa.
    These burgers are way too salty.
  5. great hunger
    Ας βρούμε κάνα εστιατόριο, έχω λύσσα.
    As vroúme kána estiatório, écho lýssa.
    Let's find a restaurant, I'm famished.

Declension

Declension of λύσσα
singular
nominative λύσσα (lýssa)
genitive λύσσας (lýssas)
accusative λύσσα (lýssa)
vocative λύσσα (lýssa)

Derived terms

Expressions

Verb

λύσσα (lýssa)

  1. second-person singular present imperfective imperative of λυσσάω (lyssáo)
    Alternative form: λύσσαγε (lýssage)
  2. second-person singular simple past perfective imperative of λυσσάω (lyssáo)
    Alternative form: λύσσαξε (lýssaxe)

Further reading