πάτος

Uncertain. Clearly related to πατέω (patéō, “I walk, tread”),^[1] but which gave rise to which is less clear. It could be an old zero-grade variant of πόντος (póntos, “sea”), and if so, πατέω (patéō) would be the derivative. In this case, the words derive from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to go, walk; way”); cognates thus include Sanskrit पन्था (pánthā), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬁 (pantā), Old Armenian հուն (hun), Proto-Germanic *paþaz, whence English path. However, Beekes and Chantraine express semantic doubts for the hypothetical sense development from "way, bath" (πάτος (pátos)) > "to tread" (πατέω (patéō)), as the latter appears to emphasize the individual movement of the legs; if these doubts are correct, then there is no other good etymology for the Greek terms.^[2]

πᾰ́τος • (pátos) m (genitive πᾰ́του); second declension

1. trodden or beaten way, path
2. step (movement of the foot), stepping, treading
3. floor
4. dirt, mud, dung

Of uncertain origin. Has been connected with Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to weave, spin”) (whence πένομαι (pénomai, “to toil, exert”)), while other theories take the word as a back-formation of πατέω (patéō, “to tread”) (and thus the same as Etymology 1), thus "what is tread" > "long garment reaching to the feet, train". Neither is particularly convincing nor unconvincing.^[3]

πάτος • (pátos) n (genitive πᾰ́τους); third declension

1. robe worn by Hera

• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πάτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πάτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πάτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• πάτος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos).

πάτος • (pátos) m (plural πάτοι)

1. bottom, base
   1. seabed, riverbed, lakebed

      Synonym: βυθός (vythós)

   2. of a bottle, container, etc
   3. buttocks

      Synonym: πισινός (pisinós)

   4. of boot or shoe, insole

      Synonym: πατούσα (patoúsa)

2. (figuratively) bottom (of the class, test, etc)

• άπατα (ápata, “in deep, sunk”, adverb)
• πατώνω (patóno)
• πάτωμα n (pátoma, “floor”)