πικρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pikrós, formally identical to Proto-Slavic *pьstrъ (“variegated”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *piḱ-rós, from the root *peyḱ- (“color, speckle”). Further cognate is ποικίλος (poikílos, “particoloured”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

πῐκρός • (pikrós) m (feminine πῐκρᾱ́, neuter πῐκρόν); first/second declension

1. pointed, sharp, keen
2. (of taste) pungent, bitter, acrid
3. (of feeling) sharp, keen
4. (of sound) piercing, shrill
5. (figuratively) bitter, hateful
6. embittered, angry, hostile
7. relentless, spiteful, vindictive

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

• Greek: πικρός (pikrós)
• Pontic Greek: πικρός (pikrós)
  • → Laz: პრიკე (p̌riǩe), პრიკა (p̌riǩa)

Further reading

• “πικρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πικρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πικρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πικρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πικρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πικρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4089 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • acrimonious idem, page 9.
  • angry idem, page 29.
  • astringent idem, page 48.
  • barbed idem, page 62.
  • biting idem, page 80.
  • bitter idem, page 80.
  • caustic idem, page 119.
  • cruel idem, page 187.
  • crushing idem, page 187.
  • cutting idem, page 192.
  • discontented idem, page 230.
  • dry idem, page 255.
  • embittered idem, page 267.
  • envenomed idem, page 279.
  • fell idem, page 314.
  • ferocious idem, page 316.
  • fiendish idem, page 318.
  • fierce idem, page 318.
  • furious idem, page 350.
  • grievous idem, page 373.
  • grim idem, page 373.
  • hard idem, page 385.
  • harsh idem, page 387.
  • heartless idem, page 392.
  • ill-tempered idem, page 416.
  • implacable idem, page 421.
  • incisive idem, page 428.
  • indignant idem, page 433.
  • irascible idem, page 459.
  • irritable idem, page 460.
  • keen idem, page 467.
  • lamentable idem, page 474.
  • loud idem, page 501.
  • malevolent idem, page 510.
  • malicious idem, page 510.
  • melancholy idem, page 524.
  • merciless idem, page 525.
  • mournful idem, page 544.
  • painful idem, page 589.
  • penetrating idem, page 603.
  • piercing idem, page 612.
  • pitiless idem, page 615.
  • poignant idem, page 623.
  • provocative idem, page 655.
  • rancorous idem, page 670.
  • relentless idem, page 690.
  • remorseless idem, page 693.
  • reproachful idem, page 698.
  • resentful idem, page 701.
  • rigorous idem, page 715.
  • rough idem, page 722.
  • rude idem, page 724.
  • satirical idem, page 734.
  • savage idem, page 735.
  • severe idem, page 759.
  • sharp idem, page 762.
  • shrewish idem, page 771.
  • shrill idem, page 771.
  • slashing idem, page 782.
  • sore idem, page 794.
  • sorrowful idem, page 795.
  • sour idem, page 796.
  • spiteful idem, page 802.
  • stern idem, page 816.
  • stinging idem, page 818.
  • stormy idem, page 821.
  • tart idem, page 856.
  • torturing idem, page 884.
  • trenchant idem, page 893.
  • unamiable idem, page 906.
  • unbending idem, page 908.
  • unfeeling idem, page 918.
  • ungentle idem, page 919.
  • unkind idem, page 923.
  • unmerciful idem, page 925.
  • vengeful idem, page 947.
  • venomous idem, page 947.
  • vicious idem, page 950.
  • vindictive idem, page 952.
  • virulent idem, page 954.
  • withering idem, page 984.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πικρός (pikrós).

Adjective

πικρός • (pikrós) m (feminine πικρή, neuter πικρό)

1. bitter (taste)

   Antonym: άπικρος (ápikros)

2. (figuratively) bitter, sorrowful

Declension