πυρός

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Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

From a Proto-Indo-European *puH-ro-s (corn, wheat), also reflected in Lithuanian pū́ras (single winter corn), Proto-Slavic *py̑rь (dog-grass), and Old English fyrs (idem). Further analysis of the root is disputed:[1]

  • Trubachev takes the root as a nominal derivative from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (fire), like πῦρ (pûr, fire). The original sense would have been “spelt”, due to the grains having to be dried on fire, with semantic transfer onto the later popular wheat, while other languages used new formations from different roots to denote wheat, such as Proto-Germanic *hwaitijaz, Proto-Slavic *pьšenica, etc.[2]
  • Derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (to strike, hit), and compared with Latin paviō (idem), as grains are beaten and cleaned in order to harvest them.[1]
  • An old Wanderwort of ultimately unclear origin, which entered Proto-Indo-European before the various branches diverged. Beekes appears to tentatively favor this theory.[1] See the following footnote for more.[3]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

πῡρός (pūrósm (genitive πῡροῦ); second declension

  1. wheat
  2. a grain of wheat
Inflection
Derived terms
Descendants
  • ? Arabic: بُرّ (burr, wheat)
  • Old Georgian: პური (ṗuri)
  • Sicilian: puru puru (repeated interjection to call hens, now disconnected from the sense of 'wheat')

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

πῠρός (purós)

  1. genitive singular of πῦρ (pûr)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πῡρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1263-4
  2. ^ Трубачёв, Олег Николаевич (a. 2002) Этногенез и культура древнейших славян (in Russian), Moscow: Наука, published 2003, →ISBN, pages 232–233
  3. ^ Brown, John Pairman (2000) Israel and Hellas (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft; 276), volume II, Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, page 9 seqq., considering rather owing to the original uncommonness of proper wheat in Classical Antiquity – πόλτος (póltos) and Latin puls meaning porridge of spelt, χῡλός (khūlós) gruel of barley – a Semitic origin, compare Hebrew בָּר (bār, grain, especially of wheat) and Arabic بُرّ (burr, wheat)

Further reading

Greek

Noun

πυρός (pyrósn

  1. genitive singular of πυρ (pyr)