χθών

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See also: Χθών

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰtʰṓn, full transference to n-stem (cf. εἷς (heîs), χῐών (khiṓn)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm, with the Proto-Indo-European cluster *dʰǵʰ- metathesizing into Proto-Greek *kʰtʰ- from an earlier Proto-Hellenic *tʰkʰṓn, since Greek stop clusters must always end in a dental. Cognates include Sanskrit क्ष (kṣa) and Latin humus.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio (Classical Attic)(file)

Noun

χθών • (khthṓn) f (genitive χθονός); third declension

  1. ground, soil, surface of the earth
  2. earth, world
  3. land, country

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ χθών; τῆς χθονός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ χθών
hē khthṓn 		τὼ χθόνε
tṑ khthóne 		αἱ χθόνες
hai khthónes
Genitive τῆς χθονός
tês khthonós 		τοῖν χθονοῖν
toîn khthonoîn 		τῶν χθονῶν
tôn khthonôn
Dative τῇ χθονῐ́
têi khthoní 		τοῖν χθονοῖν
toîn khthonoîn 		ταῖς χθοσῐ́ / χθοσῐ́ν
taîs khthosí(n)
Accusative τὴν χθόνᾰ
tḕn khthóna 		τὼ χθόνε
tṑ khthóne 		τᾱ̀ς χθόνᾰς
tā̀s khthónas
Vocative χθών
khthṓn 		χθόνε
khthóne 		χθόνες
khthónes
Notes:

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

  • “χθών”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “χθών”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “χθών”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • χθών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • χθών in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “χθών”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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