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כש־. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
כש־, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
כש־ in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
כש־ you have here. The definition of the word
כש־ will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
כש־, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Hebrew
Etymology
From כְּ־ (k'-, “like, as”) + שֶׁ־ (she-, “that, which”); compare כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka'ashér).
Conjunction
כְּשֶׁ־ • (k'she-)
- When, as, at the time that.
- a. 10 B.C.E., Hillel the Elder, quoted in Pirkei Avot 1:14:
הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר אִם אֵין אֲנִי לִי. מִי לִי. וּכְשֶׁאֲנִי לְעַצְמִי. מָה אֲנִי. וְאִם לֹא עַכְשָׁיו. אֵימָתָי:- hû hāyâ ʾômēr ʾim ʾên ʾăniîlî, mî lî, uḵəšeʾănî ləʿaṣmî, mâ ʾănî, wəʾim lô ʿaḵšaw, ʾêmāṯāy.
- He used to say, “If I am not for me, who is for me? And when I am for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?”
- (formal) With, with it being the case that.
- 2011 September 22, Yaniv Kubovich (יניב קובוביץ), Ha'Aretz, “ (hak'shishá nimts'á méta b'khad'ráh, ham'tapél kafáts mehabinyán, “Elderly Woman Found Dead in Room, Caretaker Jumps from Building”):
גופה של קשישה בת 80 נמצאה היום (חמישי) בחדרה בבית האבות "מגדלי הים התיכון" כשעליה סימני אלימות רבים.- gufáh shél k'shishá bát 80 nimts'á hayóm (khamishí) b'khad'ráh bevéit ha'avót "migd'léi hayám hatikhón" k'she'aléiha simanéi alimút rabím.
- The body of an 80-year-old woman was found today (Thursday) in her room in the "Mediterranean Towers" nursing home with many marks of violence on it many marks of violence].
Usage notes
- (when): Unlike English when, כְּשֶׁ־ is not used in framing questions, nor in introducing interrogative content clauses; the interrogative adverb and conjunction מָתַי (matái, “when”) is used for these purposes. For example, “When did it happen?” is מתי זה קרה? (matái ze kará?), and “I don’t know when it happened” is אני לא יודע מתי זה קרה. (aní lo yodéa matái ze kará)).
- (when): Whereas in English, when and that are somewhat interchangeable in introducing complement clauses for temporal nouns — “the time when” and “the time that” being synonymous — in Hebrew כְּשֶׁ־ cannot be used this way; rather, שֶׁ־ (she-, “that, which”) is required. For example, “on the day when it happened” is ביום שזה קרה (bayóm shezé kará).
- (with): When used in the sense of with rather than when (indicating a circumstance rather than a time), it always follows the main clause, and the introduced clause is always in the present tense.
Synonyms
- (when): כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka'ashér) (dated or formal)
- (with): כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka'ashér) (dated or formal)
References
- Lewis Glinert, The grammar of Modern Hebrew, Cambridge University Press (1989, 2004), →ISBN, pages 341–342.