ܗܢܘܢ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Pronunciation

  • ܗܸܢܘܿܢ:
  • ܗܵܢܘܿܢ:

Etymology 1

From Aramaic הֵנוֹן (hennōn), from Proto-Semitic *šum; compare the dialectal alternative forms, Arabic هُمْ (hum), Hebrew הֵם (hem) and Akkadian 𒋗𒉡 (šunu).

Alternative forms

Pronoun

ܗܸܢܘܿܢ • (hinōn) m pl (masculine singular ܗ̇ܘ (awa), feminine singular ܗ̇ܝ (aya), feminine plural ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn))

  1. (personal) they
  2. (intensive) they themselves
  3. (demonstrative) those, those things, those ones
  4. sometimes used somewhat like a definite article; the
Usage notes
  • As an intensive pronoun, ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn) must come before the noun it describes.

See also

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic personal pronouns
Isolated nominative pronouns
singular plural
1st person ܐܵܢܵܐ (ānā) ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan)
2nd person m ܐܲܢ݇ܬ (at) ܐܲܢ݇ܬܘܿܢ (atōn)
f ܐܲܢ݇ܬܝ (at) ܐܲܢ݇ܬܹܝܢ (attēn)
3rd person m ܗ̇ܘ (awa) ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn)
f ܗ̇ܝ (aya) ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn)
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns
singular plural
1st person -ܝܼ (-ī) -ܲܢ (-an)
2nd person m -ܘܼܟ݂ (-ūḵ) -ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (-āwḵōn)
f -ܵܟ݂ܝ (-āḵ)
3rd person m -ܹܗ (-ēh); -ܘܼܗܝ (-ūh) -ܗܘܿܢ (-hōn)
f -ܵܗ̇ (-āh); -ܘܿܗ̇ (-ōh)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Aramaic הָנוֹן (hānōn).

Pronoun

ܗܵܢܘܿܢ • (hānōn) m pl (masculine singular ܗܵܘ (hāw), feminine singular ܗܵܝ (hāy), feminine plural ܗܵܢܹܝܢ (hānēn))

  1. (demonstrative) those; those things, those ones (not physically present)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic هُمْ (hum) and Hebrew הֵם (hēm). Compare also North Levantine Arabic هنه (hinni), a Western Aramaic substrate word.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ܗܢܘܢ • (transliteration needed) m pl (singular ܗܘ, singular feminine counterpart ܗܝ, plural feminine counterpart ܗܢܝܢ)

  1. (personal) they
  2. (intensive) they themselves
  3. sometimes used somewhat like a definite article; the
Usage notes
  • As an intensive pronoun, ܗܢܘܢ must come before the noun it describes.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Adjective

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ܗܢܘܢ • (transliteration needed) m pl (singular ܗܘ ; feminine ܗܝ)

  1. (demonstrative) those
Usage notes
  • As an attributive adjective, ܗܢܘܢ can come either before or after the noun it describes without any change in meaning.

Pronoun

ܗܢܘܢ • (transliteration needed) m pl (singular ܗܘ, singular feminine counterpart ܗܝ, plural feminine counterpart ܗܢܝܢ)

  1. (demonstrative) those things, those ones
  2. used somewhat like a definite article; the
Usage notes
  • The sense of the definite article "the" is used especially when translating Ancient Greek texts, being the equivalent of the Ancient Greek masculine plural definite article οἱ (hoi).

References

  • “hnwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Brockelmann, Carl (1895) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), Berlin, Edinburgh: Reuther & Reichard, T. & T. Clark
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press
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