ܚܝܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܚ ܝ ܐ (ḥ y ˀ)
6 terms

From Aramaic חֲיֶא (ḥăyyē); related to Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh), Hebrew חַיִּים (khayím).

Pronunciation

Noun

ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ (ḥayyēm pl (plural only)

  1. life (process of life, all biological life)
    ܗܸܫ ܠܹܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܡܘܼܫ݇ܟ̰ܚܹ̈ܐ ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ ܥܲܠ ܢܸܪܓܲܠ.hiš lē ìwaḥ mūčḥē ḥayyē ˁal nirgal.We still have not discovered life on Mars.
  2. life (period during which one is alive)
    ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ ܝܲܩܝܼܪܹ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ، ܡܵܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܡܲܪܝܼܪܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ.ḥayyē yaqīrē ìnā, māwṯā marīrā ìlēh.Life is precious, death is bitter.
    • John 15:13:
      ܚܘܼܒܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܪܲܒܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܵܢܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ، ܕܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܠ ܚܲܝܘܼ̈ܗܝ ܚܠܵܦ ܪ̈ܵܚܡܘܼܗܝ.
      ḥubbā yatīr rabbā min hānā layt, d-nāšā d-yāḇēl ḥayūh ḥlāp rāḥmūh.
      There is no greater love than this, for one to lay down his life for his beloved.
    • John 14:16:
      ܦܘܼܢܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܸܠܹܗ ܝܼܫܘܿܥ: «ܐܵܢܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܘܫܪܵܪܵܐ ܘܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ. ܐܘܼܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܠܹܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܟܸܣ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܐܸܠܵܐ ܒܝܼܝܼ.
      pūnē lēh illēh īšōˁ: “ānā ìwen urḥā w-šrārā w-ḥayyē. ūp ḥa lē āṯē l-kis bābā illā bīyī.
      Jesus replied to him: “I am the way, the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.”
  3. (with first-person possessive suffix pronouns) deeply platonic or romantic term of endearment
    ܗܵܐ ܚܲܝ̈ܝܼ, ܡܵܐ ܡܸܢܘܿܟ݂؟ḥayī, mā minōḵ?Hello love, how’s it going?
Inflection
    Inflection of ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ (ḥayyē)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
plural absolute 1st person ܚܲܝܝܼ̈
(ḥayī)
ܚܲܝܲܢ̈
(ḥayyan)
construct ܚܲܝ̈
(ḥay)
2nd person ܚܲܝܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(ḥayūḵ)
ܚܲܝܵܟ݂ܝ̈
(ḥayyāḵ)
ܚܲܝܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥayyāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ
(ḥayyē)
3rd person ܚܲܝܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(ḥayūh)
ܚܲܝ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(ḥayyōh)
ܚܲܝܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(ḥayhōn)
Antonyms
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

Root
ܚ ܝ ܐ (ḥ y ˀ)
6 terms

Related to the above; compare Arabic حَيّ (ḥayy) and Hebrew חַי (kháy)

Alternative forms

  • ܚܵܝܵܐ (ḥāyā)

Adjective

ܚܲܝܵܐ (ḥayyā) (feminine ܚܲܝܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥayṯā), plural ܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ (ḥayyē))

  1. alive, living, live, lively
    Synonym: ܒܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ (bḥayyē)
    ܠܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܚܲܝܵܐ ܘܠܵܐ ܡܝܼܬܵܐ!lā ìlēh ḥayyā w-lā mītā!He is alive not dead!
    ܪܓ݂ܝܼܫ ܠܝܼ ܚܲܝܵܐ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ ܕܫܬܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܩܲܗܘܵܐ.rḡīš lī ḥayyā bāṯar dštē lī qahwā.I felt lively after I drunk coffee.
  2. raw
    Synonym: ܢܵܝܵܐ (nāyā)
  3. running (of water)
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Root
ܚ ܝ ܐ (ḥ y ˀ)
6 terms

From Aramaic חְיָא (ḥəyā); cognate to Arabic حَيِيَ (ḥayiya) and Hebrew חַי (kháy), with the interjection similar to Hebrew יְחִי (y'khí).

Pronunciation

Verb

ܚܵܝܹܐ (ḥāyē)

  1. to live, be alive, have life
    ܐܲܣܝܼܪܹ̈ܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܐܵܕܝܼܵܐ، ܟܹܐ ܚܵܝܲܚ ܒܚܹܐܪܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ.
    asīrē ìwaḥ wā īnā ādīyā, kē ḥāyaḥ b-ḥērūṯā.
    We were prisoners but now, we live in freedom.
  2. to survive (to live past a life-threatening event)
  3. to live, reside, inhabit (to have permanent residence somewhere)
    Synonyms: ܥܵܡܹܪ (ˁāmēr), ܫܵܟ݂ܹܢ (šāḵēn)
    ܐܲܚܢܲܢ ܒܸܚܵܝܵܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܓܵܘ ܬܲܝܡܢܵܐ ܕܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ.
    aḥnan biḥḥāyā ìwaḥ gāw taymnā d-nīnwē.
    We live in the South of Nineveh.
Conjugation
    Conjugation of ܚܵܝܹܐ (ḥāyē)
present participle   ܚܝܵܝܵܐ
(ḥyāyā)
verbal noun
ܫܸܡ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐ
  ܚܝܵܝܵܐ
(ḥyāyā)
singular
ܚܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ
plural
ܣܲܓܝܼܐܵܢܵܝܵܐ
past participle
ܡܫܲܘܬܲܦܬܵܐ
m ܚܸܝܝܵܐ
(ḥiyyā)
ܚܸܝܝܹ̈ܐ
(ḥiyyē)
f ܚܝܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ
(ḥyīṯā)
agent noun
ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ
m ܚܵܝܘܿܝܵܐ
(ḥāyōyā)
ܚܵܝܘܿܝܹ̈ܐ
(ḥāyōyē)
f ܚܵܝܘܿܝܬܵܐ
(ḥāyōytā)
ܚܵܝܘܿܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ
(ḥāyōyāṯā)
instance noun   ܚܝܵܝܬܵܐ
(ḥyāytā)
ܚ̈ܝܵܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ
(ḥyāyāṯā)
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past
ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ
m ܚܝܹܐ ܠܝܼ
(ḥyē lī)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂
(ḥyē lūḵ)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܹܗ
(ḥyē lēh)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܲܢ
(ḥyē lan)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥyē lāwḵōn)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ
(ḥyē lhōn)
f ܚܝܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥyē lāḵ)
ܚܝܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇
(ḥyē lāh)
non-past m ܚܵܝܹܝܢ
(ḥāyēn)
ܚܵܝܹܝܬ
(ḥāyēt)
ܚܵܝܹܐ
(ḥāyē)
ܚܵܝܲܚ
(ḥāyaḥ)
ܚܵܝܹܝܬܘܿܢ
(ḥāyētōn)
ܚܵܝܝܼ
(ḥāyī)
f ܚܵܝܝܵܢ
(ḥāyyān)
ܚܵܝܝܵܬܝ
(ḥāyyāt)
ܚܵܝܝܵܐ
(ḥāyyā)
imperative
ܦܵܩܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ
m ܚܝܝܼ
(ḥyī)
ܚܝܲܘ
(ḥyaw)
f ܚܝܲܝ
(ḥyay)
passive past
ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܚܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ
m ܚܝܹܝܢ
(ḥyēn)
ܚܝܹܝܬ
(ḥyēt)
ܚܝܹܐ
(ḥyē)
ܚܝܹܝܚ
(ḥyēḥ)
ܚܝܹܝܬܘܿܢ
(ḥyētōn)
ܚܝܲܝ
(ḥyay)
f ܚܸܝܝܲܢ
(ḥiyyan)
ܚܸܝܝܲܬܝ
(ḥiyyat)
ܚܸܝܝܵܐ
(ḥiyyā)
Generated by {{Template:aii-conj-verb/G-weak-3i|ܚ|ܝ}}

Interjection

ܚܵܝܹܐ (ḥāyēm sg (feminine singular ܚܵܝܝܵܐ (ḥāyyā), plural ܚܵܝܝܼ (ḥāyī)) (masculine third-person non-past of the above)

  1. long live
    ܚܵܝܹܐ ܡܲܠܟܵܐ!ḥāyē malkā!Long live the king!
See also
  • ܚܲܝܹܬ (ḥayyēt, literally May you live)

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

Etymology

From the root ܚ-ܝ-ܐ (ḥ-y-ʾ) related to living; compare Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh), Hebrew חַיִּים (ḥayyîm).

Pronunciation

Noun

ܚܝܐ (ḥayyēm (plural only; not used in singular form)

  1. life, lives
  2. salvation
  3. subsistence, sustenance, nourishment

Usage notes

Although plural in number, this word may take a verb in either the plural or singular.

Inflection

See also

References

  • ḥyyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-23
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 103a
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 139a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 444b