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a subordinate division or department, especially of a science, as the six वेदाङ्गs hence the number six
name of the chief sacred texts of the जैनs
a limb or subdivision of मन्त्र or counsel (said to be five, viz. 1. कर्मणाम् आरम्भोपायः, means of commencing operations ; 2. पुरुष-द्रव्य-सम्पद्, providing men and materials ; 3. देश-काल-विभाग, distribution of place and time ; 4. विपत्ति-प्रतीकार, counter-action of disaster ; 5. कार्य-सिद्धि, successful accomplishment ; whence मन्त्र is said to be पञ्चाङ्ग)
Of unclear origin. The traditional derivation from अङ्ग्(aṅg, “to go”) is semantically unappealing. Others connect the word to Old Prussiananga(“whether”).
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 48
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “anga”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 6
Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 30-1