जोष्टृ

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́awštā́ (“one who loves”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéws-tōr ~ *ǵus-tr-és. Cognate with Old Persian 𐎭𐎢𐏁𐎫𐎼 (d-u-š-t-r /⁠dauštar⁠/, “friend; lover of”) (𐎭𐎢𐏁𐎫𐎠 (d-u-š-t-a /⁠dauštā⁠/, nom. sg.)), whence Persian دوست (dōst, “friend”).

Monier-Williams, Lubotsky and Mayrhofer consider this term to be an adjective-participle meaning "loving, cherishing".^[1][2][3] However, Vedic does not clearly distinguish between nouns and some adjectives and some participles. Moreover, this term appears in RV 4.41.9.2 where it isn't applied (as an adjective) to any noun, but is attached to the genitive of the noun वसु (vasu, “treasure”) to convey "lover of treasure". This shows that the word has been employed purely as a noun in at least one instance.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ́wʂ.ʈr̩/, /d͡ʑɐwʂ.ʈŕ̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʑoːʂ.ʈr̩/

जोष्टृ • (joṣṭṛ́ or jóṣṭṛ) stem, m (feminine जोष्ट्री)

1. lover of, one who is desirous of (with the genitive of the object); one who loves or cherishes
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.41.9:

     इ॒मा इन्द्रं॒ वरु॑णं मे मनी॒षा अग्म॒न्न् उप॒ द्रवि॑णम् इ॒च्छमा॑नाः ।
     उपे॑म् अस्थुर् जो॒ष्टार॑ इव॒ वस्वो॑ र॒घ्वीर् इ॑व॒ श्रव॑सो॒ भिक्ष॑माणाः ॥

     imā́ índraṃ váruṇaṃ me manīṣā́ ágmann úpa dráviṇam icchámānāḥ.
     úpem asthur joṣṭā́ra iva vásvo raghvī́r iva śrávaso bhíkṣamāṇāḥ.

     These thoughts of mine, desirous of gaining wealth, have proceeded to Indra and to Varuṇa.
     They have come near you as lovers of treasure, like mares, fleet-footed, eager for the glory.

• जोष (joṣa)
• जुष्ट (juṣṭa)
• जुष्टि (juṣṭi)