दुह्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

दोघ् (dogh)

Alternative scripts

দুহ্ (Assamese script)
ᬤᬸᬳ᭄ (Balinese script)
দুহ্ (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰲𑰮𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑀼𑀳𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ဒုဟ် (Burmese script)
દુહ્ (Gujarati script)
ਦੁਹ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑍁𑌹𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦸꦲ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂳𑂯𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ದುಹ್ (Kannada script)
ទុហ៑ (Khmer script)
ທຸຫ຺ (Lao script)
ദുഹ് (Malayalam script)
ᡩᡠᡥ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘳𑘮𑘿 (Modi script)
ᢑᠤᠾ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧔𑧎𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑐸𑐴𑑂 (Newa script)
ଦୁହ୍ (Odia script)
ꢣꢸꢲ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑆶𑆲𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖲𑖮𑖿 (Siddham script)
දුහ් (Sinhalese script)
𑩭𑩒𑪂 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚰𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
து³ஹ் (Tamil script)
దుహ్ (Telugu script)
ทุหฺ (Thai script)
དུ་ཧ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑒳𑒯𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑨃𑨱𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰawgʰ- (“to (draw) milk”), traditionally derived further from Proto-Indo-European *dʰúgʰs, from *dʰewgʰ- (“to yield, to produce”), and compared with German taugen (“to be fit”), though Cheung and Mayrhofer note that the semantic shifts present in the descendants are nontrivial.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dúɦ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪uɦ/

Root

दुह् • (duh)

to milk, milk out, squeeze out, extract
to yield, produce
to enjoy, take advantage of

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root दुह्‎ (0 c, 10 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

दोग्धि (dógdhi, Present)
दुहति (duhati, Present)
दुह्यति (duhyati, Present)
धोक्ष्यति (dhokṣyáti, Future)
दोग्धा (dogdhā́, Periphrastic Future)
अधुक्षत् (ádhukṣat, Aorist)
अदुग्ध (ádugdha, Aorist)
दुदोह (dudóha, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

दुह्यते (duhyáte, Passive)
अदोहि (ádohi, Passive Aorist)
दोहयति (doháyati, Causative)
अदूदुहत् (ádūduhat, Causative Aorist)
दोह्यते (dohyáte, Passive of Causative)
दुधुक्षति (dudhukṣati, Desiderative)
दुदुक्षति (dúdukṣati, Desiderative)
दोदुह्यते (doduhyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

दोग्धुम् (dogdhum, Infinitive)
दोग्धोस् (dógdhos, Infinitive)
दोहसे (doháse, Infinitive)
दुहध्यै (duhádhyai, Infinitive)
दुग्ध्वा (dugdhvā́, Gerund)
दोह्य (dóhya, Gerundive)
दोग्धव्य (dogdhavya, Gerundive)
दोहनीय (dohanīya, Gerundive)
दुग्ध (dugdhá, Past Participle)
दुधुक्षु (dudhukṣu, Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

दुघ (dúgha)
दुहितृ (duhitṛ́)
दोह (dóha)
दुह् (dúh)
दोघ (dógha)
दोग्धृ (dogdhṛ́)
दोग्ध्र (dogdhra)
दोहन (dohana)
दोहस् (dohas)

Prefixed Root Forms

Adjective

दुह् • (dúh) stem (root दुह्)

yielding, granting

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of दुह् (duh)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धुक् dhuk	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Vocative	धुक् dhuk	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Accusative	दुहम् duham	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Instrumental	दुहा duhā	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भिः dhugbhiḥ
Dative	दुहे duhe	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Ablative	दुहः duhaḥ	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Genitive	दुहः duhaḥ	दुहोः duhoḥ	दुहाम् duhām
Locative	दुहि duhi	दुहोः duhoḥ	धुक्षु dhukṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine root-stem declension of दुह् (duh)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धुक् dhuk	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Vocative	धुक् dhuk	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Accusative	दुहम् duham	दुहौ / दुहा¹ duhau / duhā¹	दुहः duhaḥ
Instrumental	दुहा duhā	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भिः dhugbhiḥ
Dative	दुहे duhe	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Ablative	दुहः duhaḥ	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Genitive	दुहः duhaḥ	दुहोः duhoḥ	दुहाम् duhām
Locative	दुहि duhi	दुहोः duhoḥ	धुक्षु dhukṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter root-stem declension of दुह् (duh)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धुक् dhuk	दुही duhī	दुंहि duṃhi
Vocative	धुक् dhuk	दुही duhī	दुंहि duṃhi
Accusative	धुक् dhuk	दुही duhī	दुंहि duṃhi
Instrumental	दुहा duhā	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भिः dhugbhiḥ
Dative	दुहे duhe	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Ablative	दुहः duhaḥ	धुग्भ्याम् dhugbhyām	धुग्भ्यः dhugbhyaḥ
Genitive	दुहः duhaḥ	दुहोः duhoḥ	दुहाम् duhām
Locative	दुहि duhi	दुहोः duhoḥ	धुक्षु dhukṣu

References

Monier Williams (1899) “दुह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 0489/1-2.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “दुह्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 076
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “duh”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “दुह्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 369
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 148
Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0271, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0271

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 747-8
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 66-7

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 747-8

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 66-7