दोग्धि

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰéwgʰti, from *dʰewgʰ- (to produce). Cognate with Ancient Greek τεύχω (teúkhō), Old English dugan.

Pronunciation

Verb

दोग्धि (dógdhi) third-singular indicative (class 2, type UP, present, root दुह्)

  1. to milk (a cow or an udder)
    1. (figurative) to take advantage of, to enjoy
    2. to squeeze out, extract
    3. to draw anything out of another thing (with accusative)
  2. (middle voice) to give milk

Conjugation

Present: दोग्धि (dógdhi), दुग्धे (dugdhé) or दुहे (duhé)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third दोग्धि
dógdhi
दुग्धः
dugdháḥ
दुहन्ति
duhánti
दुग्धे / दुहे¹
dugdhé / duhé¹
दुहाते
duhā́te
दुहते / दुहते² / दुह्रे¹ / दुह्रते¹
duháte / duhaté² / duhré¹ / duhraté¹
Second धोक्षि
dhókṣi
दुग्धः
dugdháḥ
दुग्ध
dugdhá
धुक्षे
dhukṣé
दुहाथे
duhā́the
धुग्ध्वे
dhugdhvé
First दोह्मि
dóhmi
दुह्वः
duhváḥ
दुह्मः / दुह्मसि¹
duhmáḥ / duhmási¹
दुहे
duhé
दुह्वहे
duhváhe
दुह्महे
duhmáhe
Imperative
Third दोग्धु
dógdhu
दुग्धाम्
dugdhā́m
दुहन्तु
duhántu
दुग्धाम् / दुहाम्¹ / दोहताम्¹
dugdhā́m / duhā́m¹ / dohatām¹
दुहाताम्
duhā́tām
दुहताम् / दुह्राम्¹ / दुह्रताम्¹
duhátām / duhrā́m¹ / duhratām¹
Second दुग्धि
dugdhí
दुग्धम्
dugdhám
दुग्ध
dugdhá
धुक्ष्व
dhukṣvá
दुहाथाम्
duhā́thām
धुग्ध्वम्
dhugdhvám
First दोहानि
dóhāni
दोहाव
dóhāva
दोहाम
dóhāma
दोहै
dóhai
दोहावहै
dóhāvahai
दोहामहै
dóhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third दुह्यात्
duhyā́t
दुह्याताम्
duhyā́tām
दुह्युः
duhyúḥ
दुहीत / दुहीयत्²
duhītá / duhīyát²
दुहीयाताम्
duhīyā́tām
दुहीरन् / दुहीयन्²
duhīrán / duhīyán²
Second दुह्याः
duhyā́ḥ
दुह्यातम्
duhyā́tam
दुह्यात
duhyā́ta
दुहीथाः
duhīthā́ḥ
दुहीयाथाम्
duhīyā́thām
दुहीध्वम्
duhīdhvám
First दुह्याम्
duhyā́m
दुह्याव
duhyā́va
दुह्याम
duhyā́ma
दुहीय
duhīyá
दुहीवहि
duhīváhi
दुहीमहि
duhīmáhi
Subjunctive
Third दोहत् / दोहति
dóhat / dóhati
दोहतः
dóhataḥ
दोहन्
dóhan
दोहते / दोहातै
dóhate / dóhātai
दोहैते
dóhaite
दोहन्त / दोहान्तै
dóhanta / dóhāntai
Second दोहः / दोहसि
dóhaḥ / dóhasi
दोहथः
dóhathaḥ
दोहथ
dóhatha
दोहसे / दोहासै
dóhase / dóhāsai
दोहैथे
dóhaithe
दोहध्वे / दोहाध्वै
dóhadhve / dóhādhvai
First दोहानि / दोहा
dóhāni / dóhā
दोहाव
dóhāva
दोहाम
dóhāma
दोहै
dóhai
दोहावहै
dóhāvahai
दोहामहै
dóhāmahai
Participles
दुहत्
duhát
दुहान / दुहान¹ / दुघान²
duhāná / dúhāna¹ / dúghāna²
Notes
  • The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Rigvedic
Imperfect: अधोक् (ádhok), अदुग्ध (ádugdha) or अदुहत् (áduhat) or अदुह (áduha)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third अधोक्
ádhok
अदुग्धाम्
ádugdhām
अदुहन्
áduhan
अदुग्ध / अदुहत्¹ / अदुह²
ádugdha / áduhat¹ / áduha²
अदुहाताम्
áduhātām
अदुहत / अदुह्रन्¹ / अदुह्र²
áduhata / áduhran¹ / áduhra²
Second अधोक्
ádhok
अदुग्धम्
ádugdham
अदुग्ध
ádugdha
अदुग्धाः
ádugdhāḥ
अदुहाथाम्
áduhāthām
अधुग्ध्वम्
ádhugdhvam
First अदोहम्
ádoham
अदुह्व
áduhva
अदुह्म
áduhma
अदुहि
áduhi
अदुह्वहि
áduhvahi
अदुह्महि
áduhmahi
Notes

The Vedic imperfect अदुहत् (áduhat) has the appearance of an active 3sg., but originates from earlier अदुह (áduha), corresponding to the mediopassive present दुहे (duhé).

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “दुह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 489, column 1.
  • Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “dogh”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University