幼稚園
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See also: 幼稚园
Chinese
| garden | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (幼稚園) | 幼稚 | 園 | |
| simp. (幼稚园) | 幼稚 | 园 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jau3 zi6 jyun4-2 / jau3 zi6 jyun4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiu1 zi5 yon3*
- Gan (Wiktionary): iu4 ci5 yon4
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): iū-cĭ-hûing
- Eastern Min (BUC): éu-dê-huòng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iù-tī-hn̂g / iù-tī-hûiⁿ / iù-tī-oân
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ieu-zy-yoe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˋ ㄓˋ ㄩㄢˊ → ㄧㄡˋ ˙ㄓ ㄩㄢˊ (toneless variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: yòujhi̊hyuán
- Wade–Giles: yu4-chih5-yüan2
- Yale: yòu-jr-ywán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yow.jyhyuan
- Palladius: ючжиюань (jučžijuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /joʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/ → /joʊ̯⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jau3 zi6 jyun4-2 / jau3 zi6 jyun4
- Yale: yau jih yún / yau jih yùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau3 dzi6 jyn4-2 / jau3 dzi6 jyn4
- Guangdong Romanization: yeo3 ji6 yun4-2 / yeo3 ji6 yun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐu̯³³ t͡siː²² jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/, /jɐu̯³³ t͡siː²² jyːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Note: jau3 zi6 jyun4 - rare.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yiu1 zi5 yon3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiu³³ t͡si³² jᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: iu4 ci5 yon4
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu³⁵ t͡sʰz̩¹¹ yɵn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu-chṳ̂-yèn / yu-chhṳ̂-yèn / yô-chi-én
- Hakka Romanization System: iu ziiˊ ienˇ / iu ciiˊ ienˇ / ioˊ ji enˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu4 zi1 yan2 / yiu4 ci1 yan2 / yo1 ji4 en3
- Sinological IPA: /i̯u⁵⁵ t͡sɨ²⁴ i̯en¹¹/, /i̯u⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ²⁴ i̯en¹¹/, /i̯o²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵⁵ en³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu-chṳ̂-yàn / yu-chhṳ̂-yàn / yô-chi-én
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu ziiˊ (r)ianˇ / (r)iu ciiˊ (r)ianˇ / (r)ioˊ ji enˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu4 zi1 yan2 / yiu4 ci1 yan2 / yo1 ji4 en3
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u⁵⁵ t͡sɨ²⁴ (j)i̯an¹¹/, /(j)i̯u⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ²⁴ (j)i̯an¹¹/, /(j)i̯o²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵⁵ en³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note: yô-chi-én - from Japanese pronunciation.
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iū-cĭ-hûing
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu⁵⁵ t͡si²⁴ xuiŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: éu-dê-huòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ieu²¹³⁻²¹ (t-)li²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (h-)uoŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iù-tī-hn̂g
- Tâi-lô: iù-tī-hn̂g
- Phofsit Daibuun: iuo'dixhngg
- IPA (Xiamen): /iu²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ hŋ̍²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /iu¹¹⁻⁵³ ti³³⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu²¹⁻⁴¹ ti³³⁻²¹ hŋ̍²³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /iu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ti⁴¹⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iù-tī-hûiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: iù-tī-huînn
- Phofsit Daibuun: iuo'dixhvuii
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ huĩ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iù-tī-oân
- Tâi-lô: iù-tī-uân
- Phofsit Daibuun: iuo'dixoaan
- IPA (Xiamen): /iu²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ uan²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /iu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ti⁴¹⁻²² uan²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
Noun
幼稚園
- (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Southeast Asia; dated or dialectal in Mainland China) kindergarten; nursery school
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 幼兒園 (“kindergarten; nursery school; preschool”)
References
- Chanicha Kidprasert (2016-03-21) 泰国华语与汉语普通话书面语差异研究 [The Difference of Writing Pattern between Thai “Huayu” and Mandarin] (PhD) (in Chinese), Harbin: Heilongjiang University
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 幼 | 稚 | 園 |
| よう Grade: 6 |
ち Grade: S |
えん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | ||
Etymology
Compound of 幼稚 (yōchi, “infantile”) + 園 (en, “garden”).[1][2][3] The term is apparently a calque of German Kindergarten (“children's garden”), as Japanese yōchien were started in 1876 based on the German model initiated by Friedrich Fröbel in 1837 and on the term Kindergarten that he coined in 1840.[2][3]
First cited in Japanese to 1876.[4]
Pronunciation
Noun
幼稚園 • (yōchien) ←えうちゑん (eutiwen)?
Related terms
- 保育園 (hoikuen, “a nursery school, a preschool”)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “幼稚園”, in 日本国語大辞典 (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
| Hanja in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 幼 | 稚 | 園 |
Noun
幼稚園 • (yuchiwon or McCune-Reischauer: yuch'iwŏn or Yale: yuchiwen) (hangeul 유치원)
- hanja form? of 유치원 (“kindergarten”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 幼 | 稚 | 園 |
Noun
幼稚園
- chữ Hán form of ấu trĩ viên (“kindergarten”).