𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶

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Old Uyghur

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *teŋri (“sky, god”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃 (teŋri), Karakhanid تَنْكْرٖى (teŋrī), Turkish tanrı, Yakut таҥара (tañara).

Noun

𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 (teŋri)

  1. (religion) god
    Synonyms: 𐽼𐽲 (bag), 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽵𐽶 (ilahi), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽰𐽺 (ugan), 𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽰𐽺 (yazdan)
    • c. late 10th century, Xuanzang Biography, Book III‎, HTIII: 0847-48 (23-24):
      […] 𐽷𐾁𐽼 𐽼𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐽰𐽴*** 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽿𐽺𐽳 𐽽𐽰 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽰𐾁 𐽶𐽳𐽴 […]
      kalp bašlagïnta ulug ez Teŋri ašnuča tükel yüz
      at the beginning of the Kalpas, the great God Ezrua first in complete detail to hundred
    • c. 11-12th century, Unidentified Jātaka fragments‎, BT13.01.07.13 (087-088)‎:
      […] **ܪܩܐܢ *ܝܩ ܟܘܝܢ ܬܢܟܪܝܡ […]
      rhanïg Kün Teŋrim
      My Buddhistic Sun-God
    • 1687, Altun Yaruk Manuscript, Book X (Golden Light Sutra in Old Uyghur)‎, AY.B10.01.v02:
      […] 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐽻𐽶 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺 […]
      Teŋri Teŋrisi Burhan
      O Buddha God of Gods
  2. (rare) sky, heaven
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽺𐽳𐽿𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (anošagan), 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 𐽶𐽶𐽾𐽶 (teŋri yéri), 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (teŋrilik), 𐽳𐽿𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽵 (uštmah)
    Antonyms: 𐽺𐽷𐽾 (nara), 𐽺𐽾𐽵 (naraka), 𐾀𐽹𐽳 (tamu), 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽾 (yavlak yér)
    • c. 9th century, Book of Divination‎, Irk 15: 16(r):05-16(l):01‎:
      𐰖𐰣𐰀⸱𐱅𐰭𐱁𐰃⸱𐰴𐰆𐱃𐰃𐰣𐱃𐰀⸱𐰇𐰲𐰇𐰨⸱𐰖𐰃𐰞𐱃𐰀⸱𐰴𐰆𐰯⸱𐰾𐰤⸱𐱅𐰇𐰚𐰠⸱𐰚𐰇𐱁𐰇𐰾𐰢𐰾
      Yana Teŋri kutïnta, üčünč yïlta, kop esen tükel körüšmiš.
      And again by the grace of Heaven, in the third year , they all met safe and sound.

Derived terms

Alternative terms

References

  • Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “tnkry”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 242
  • Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) t(ä)ŋri”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 695-697
  • Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012) Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü [Uyghur-Chinese Divine Dictionary]‎ (in Turkish), İstanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 61
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