-դ

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See also: դ, գ, Դ, դ., and Appendix:Variations of "d"

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian -դ (-d).

Pronunciation

(following a vowel:)

(following a consonant:)

Suffix

-դ • (-d)

  1. a possessive suffix marking 2nd person possession
    գիրքդ ― girkʻd ― your book
    գնալդ ― gnald ― your going
    ձեռքերովդ ― jeṙkʻerovd ― with your hands
    1. co-occurs with postpositions in pseudo-possessive meaning identifying the location in the 2nd person
      մոտդ ― motd ― with you/at you/near you
      վրադ ― vrad ― on you
  2. a personal suffix used to refer to the 2nd person as an agent; found in idioms and certain constructions
    դու ինքդ ― du inkʻd ― you yourself
    Դուք՝ առաջավորներդ, պիտի օգնեք մեզ՝ ետ մնացողներիս։
    Dukʻ, aṙaǰavornerd, piti ōgnekʻ mez, et mnacʻoġneris.
    You, the advanced ones, have to help us, the backward ones.

See also

References

  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 112–116

Old Armenian

Etymology

From *դո- (*do-).

Suffix

-դ • (-d)

  1. this, that (near the second person)
    կորուսեր զհոգիդ եւ զինչսդ ― koruser zhogid ew zinčʻsd ― you have lost your soul and your property
    արձակեա՛ զժողովուրդդ ― arjakeá zžołovurdd ― let this or the people go!
    որ խոսիդ ընդ քեզ ― or xosid ənd kʻez ― he who talks to you
  2. (personal pronoun) thou, thee, you
    սուրբդ սրբոց ― surbd srbocʻ ― you who are the holy of holy ones

Usage notes

-ս (-s), -դ (-d) and -ն (-n) form a three-way deictic contrast. -s shows an object close to the speaker, -d close to the second person, -n close to the third person.

Descendants

  • Armenian: -դ (-d)

References

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “դ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Gočanean, Pōġos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʻerakanutʻiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian]‎ (in Armenian), Vienna and Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, pages 24–25
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 107
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “դ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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