-askodik

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Hungarian

Etymology

From -as (adjective-forming suffix) +‎ -kodik (verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

Suffix

-askodik

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or an adjective to create an intransitive verb to express that someone behaves or acts like the base word. The verbs often have a pejorative meaning.

Usage notes

  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -skodik is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
    ‎katona (“soldier”) + ‎-skodik → ‎katonáskodik (“to soldier, to serve in the army as a soldier”)
    -skedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
    ‎hülye (“idiot”) + ‎-skedik → ‎hülyéskedik (“to act foolishly”)
    -sködik is added to rounded front-vowel words
    -askodik is added to some back-vowel words
    ‎hatalom (“power”) + ‎-askodik → ‎hatalmaskodik (“to domineer”)
    -oskodik is added to some back-vowel words
    ‎rab (“captive”) + ‎-oskodik → ‎raboskodik (“to live in captivity”)
    -ösködik is added to some rounded front-vowel words
    ‎főnök (“boss”) + ‎-ösködik → ‎főnökösködik (“to be bossy, to behave like a boss; to work as a boss”)

Conjugation

conjugation of -askodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodok -askodsz -askodik -askodunk -askodtok -askodnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. -askodtam -askodtál -askodott -askodtunk -askodtatok -askodtak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -askodni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. -askodék -askodál -askoda -askodánk -askodátok -askodának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -askodik vala, -askodott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. -askodandok -askodandasz -askodand -askodandunk -askodandotok -askodandanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodnék -askodnál -askodna -askodnánk -askodnátok -askodnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -askodott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodjak -askodj or
-askodjál 		-askodjon -askodjunk -askodjatok -askodjanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -askodott légyen
Infinitive -askodni -askodnom -askodnod -askodnia -askodnunk -askodnotok -askodniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
-askodás -askodó -askodott ― -askodva (-askodván)
potential conjugation of -askodik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodhatok -askodhatsz -askodhat -askodhatunk -askodhattok -askodhatnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. -askodhattam -askodhattál -askodhatott -askodhattunk -askodhattatok -askodhattak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. -askodhaték -askodhatál -askodhata -askodhatánk -askodhatátok -askodhatának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -askodhat vala, -askodhatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. -askodhatandok
or -askodandhatok 		-askodhatandasz
or -askodandhatsz 		-askodhatand
or -askodandhat 		-askodhatandunk
or -askodandhatunk 		-askodhatandotok
or -askodandhattok 		-askodhatandanak
or -askodandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodhatnék -askodhatnál -askodhatna -askodhatnánk -askodhatnátok -askodhatnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -askodhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. -askodhassak -askodhass or
-askodhassál 		-askodhasson -askodhassunk -askodhassatok -askodhassanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -askodhatott légyen
Inf. (-askodhatni) (-askodhatnom) (-askodhatnod) (-askodhatnia) (-askodhatnunk) (-askodhatnotok) (-askodhatniuk)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (-askodhatva / -askodhatván)

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -askodik

See also

References

  1. ^ -askodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
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