Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wolkos
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology 1
Uncertain. Possibly related to *ulkos (“bad, evil”), hinted by early Celtic farmers' hostility towards birds of prey. If so, cognate with Old Irish olc.[1] However, this is uncertain.[2] Alternatively perhaps related to Latin falcō (“falcon”).
Noun
*wolkos m[3]
Inflection
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *wolkos | *wolkou | *wolkoi |
| vocative | *wolke | *wolkou | *wolkoi |
| accusative | *wolkom | *wolkou | *wolkons |
| genitive | *wolkī | *wolkous | *wolkom |
| dative | *wolkūi | *wolkobom | *wolkobos |
| locative | *wolkei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *wolkū | *wolkobim | *wolkūis |
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *wólkos, an o-grade *-os noun formed from a root *welk-.
Matasović derives *welk- from Proto-Indo-European *welg- (“wet”). A root noun ending in *-g-s (Matasović supposes *wṓlg-s ~ *wolg-os) would have the velar devoice to *-k-, which would then spawn a neo-root as the nominative -k- would be generalized throughout the root noun's paradigm.[4]
Noun
*wolkos m
Inflection
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *wolkos | *wolkou | *wolkoi |
| vocative | *wolke | *wolkou | *wolkoi |
| accusative | *wolkom | *wolkou | *wolkons |
| genitive | *wolkī | *wolkous | *wolkom |
| dative | *wolkūi | *wolkobom | *wolkobos |
| locative | *wolkei | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *wolkū | *wolkobim | *wolkūis |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Hall, James (1989): Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies, Issues 17–20, p. 66
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ulkʷo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 400
- ^ Proto-Celtic ― English Wordlist, p.95
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wolko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 427