Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Usually held to be a borrowing from Latin -ārius; at the very least, it was probably influenced and reinforced by it.
However, Gąsiorowski instead suggests that *-ārijaz is a native formation; he derives it from earlier *-azrijaz, which he etymologises as a zero-grade form of *-sōr suffixed with *-ih₂, creating a suffix *-sr-ih₂ for forming feminine agent nouns, which was then masculinised by attaching *-ós. He also suggests a relation to Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā.
Pronunciation
Noun
*-ārijaz m
- -er. Forms agent nouns from nouns.
Inflection
| masculine ja-stemDeclension of *-ārijaz (masculine ja-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *-ārijaz | *-ārijōz, *-ārijōs | |
| vocative | *-ārī | *-ārijōz, *-ārijōs | |
| accusative | *-āriją | *-ārijanz | |
| genitive | *-ārijas, *-ārīs | *-ārijǫ̂ | |
| dative | *-ārijai | *-ārijamaz | |
| instrumental | *-ārijō | *-ārijamiz | |
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
This suffix was conflated with the suffixal use of the noun *warjaz in many languages, eventually causing both to be treated as one.
- Proto-West Germanic: *-ārī
- Proto-Norse:
- Gothic: -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-āreis)
- → Proto-Slavic: *-ařь (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Piotr Gąsiorowski (2017 November 17) “Cherchez la femme: Two Germanic suffixes, one etymology”, in Folia Linguistica Historica, volume 51, number s38, , pages 125–147