Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grautaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *gʰrowd-o-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-, *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”). Akin to Proto-Slavic *gruda (“pile”), Proto-Slavic *grudьnъ (“crude, lousy”). Synchronically analyzable as a regular o-grade adjectival formation from *greutaną (“to grind, crush”).[1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
*grautaz
Inflection
Declension of *grautaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *grautaz | *grautai | *grautō | *grautôz | *grautą, -atō | *grautō |
| Accusative | *grautanǭ | *grautanz | *grautǭ | *grautōz | *grautą, -atō | *grautō |
| Genitive | *grautas, -is | *grautaizǫ̂ | *grautaizōz | *grautaizǫ̂ | *grautas, -is | *grautaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *grautammai | *grautaimaz | *grautaizōi | *grautaimaz | *grautammai | *grautaimaz |
| Instrumental | *grautanō | *grautaimiz | *grautaizō | *grautaimiz | *grautanō | *grautaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *grautô | *grautaniz | *grautǭ | *grautōniz | *grautô | *grautōnō |
| Accusative | *grautanų | *grautanunz | *grautōnų | *grautōnunz | *grautô | *grautōnō |
| Genitive | *grautiniz | *grautanǫ̂ | *grautōniz | *grautōnǫ̂ | *grautiniz | *grautanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *grautini | *grautammaz | *grautōni | *grautōmaz | *grautini | *grautammaz |
| Instrumental | *grautinē | *grautammiz | *grautōnē | *grautōmiz | *grautinē | *grautammiz |
Synonyms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *graut
References
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*grauta-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187