Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hafnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *habjaną (“to lift”) +‎ *-naną. Compare also Proto-West Germanic *habinōn (“to handle”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑɸ.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hafnaną^[1]

(intransitive) to become exalted
(intransitive) (+ dative object) to consider oneself above, to reject, to abandon

Inflection

Conjugation of *hafnaną (weak class 4)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hafnō	*hafnaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*hafnōsi	*hafnais	*hafnō	—	—
3rd singular	*hafnōþi	*hafnai	*hafnōþau	—	—
1st dual	*hafnōs	*hafnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hafnaþiz	*hafnaiþiz	*hafnaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hafnamaz	*hafnaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*hafnaþ	*hafnaiþ	*hafnaþ	—	—
3rd plural	*hafnanþi	*hafnain	*hafnanþau	—	—

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hafnōdǭ	*hafnōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*hafnōdēz	*hafnōdēdīz
3rd singular	*hafnōdē	*hafnōdēdī
1st dual	*hafnōdēdū	*hafnōdēdīw
2nd dual	*hafnōdēdudiz	*hafnōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*hafnōdēdum	*hafnōdēdīm
2nd plural	*hafnōdēdud	*hafnōdēdīd
3rd plural	*hafnōdēdun	*hafnōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*hafnandz	—

Descendants

Old Norse: hafna
- Icelandic: hafna
Gothic: *𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*hafnan)
- Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌽𐌰𐌽 (ufarhafnan)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xafnōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 149

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xafnōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 149

[1]