Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harmijaną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxar.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From *harmaz (“to harm, pain”) +‎ *-janą or *harmaz (“to harmful, painful”) +‎ *-janą.

Verb

*harmijaną

  1. to harm, injure, pain
  2. to shame
Inflection
Conjugation of *harmijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *harmijō *harmijaų — *harmijai ?
2nd singular *harmīsi *harmijais *harmī *harmijasai *harmijaisau
3rd singular *harmīþi *harmijai *harmijaþau *harmijaþai *harmijaiþau
1st dual *harmijōs *harmijaiw — — —
2nd dual *harmijaþiz *harmijaiþiz *harmijaþiz — —
1st plural *harmijamaz *harmijaim — *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
2nd plural *harmīþ *harmijaiþ *harmīþ *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
3rd plural *harmijanþi *harmijain *harmijanþau *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *harmidǭ *harmidēdį̄
2nd singular *harmidēz *harmidēdīz
3rd singular *harmidē *harmidēdī
1st dual *harmidēdū *harmidēdīw
2nd dual *harmidēdudiz *harmidēdīdiz
1st plural *harmidēdum *harmidēdīm
2nd plural *harmidēdud *harmidēdīd
3rd plural *harmidēdun *harmidēdīn
present past
participles *harmijandz *harmidaz
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *kerh₂-, *kerh₃- (“to praise (loudly)”).[1]

Verb

*harmijaną

  1. to repeat, relate, report
  2. to mimic, imitate
Inflection
Conjugation of *harmijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *harmijō *harmijaų — *harmijai ?
2nd singular *harmīsi *harmijais *harmī *harmijasai *harmijaisau
3rd singular *harmīþi *harmijai *harmijaþau *harmijaþai *harmijaiþau
1st dual *harmijōs *harmijaiw — — —
2nd dual *harmijaþiz *harmijaiþiz *harmijaþiz — —
1st plural *harmijamaz *harmijaim — *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
2nd plural *harmīþ *harmijaiþ *harmīþ *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
3rd plural *harmijanþi *harmijain *harmijanþau *harmijanþai *harmijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *harmidǭ *harmidēdį̄
2nd singular *harmidēz *harmidēdīz
3rd singular *harmidē *harmidēdī
1st dual *harmidēdū *harmidēdīw
2nd dual *harmidēdudiz *harmidēdīdiz
1st plural *harmidēdum *harmidēdīm
2nd plural *harmidēdud *harmidēdīd
3rd plural *harmidēdun *harmidēdīn
present past
participles *harmijandz *harmidaz
Descendants

References

  1. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “259”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN: “*harmjan-”
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