Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/libjaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, cling, linger”), with semantic development "to leave, cling" > "to remain" > "to live".
Pronunciation
Verb
*libjaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *libjō | *libjaų | — | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *libaisi | *libjais | *libai | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *libaiþi | *libjai | *libjaþau | — | — | |
| 1st dual | *libjōs | *libjaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *libjaþiz | *libjaiþiz | *libjaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *libjamaz | *libjaim | — | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *libaiþ | *libjaiþ | *libaiþ | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *libjanþi | *libjain | *libjanþau | — | — | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *libdǭ | *libdēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *libdēz | *libdēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *libdē | *libdēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *libdēdū | *libdēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *libdēdudiz | *libdēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *libdēdum | *libdēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *libdēdud | *libdēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *libdēdun | *libdēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *libjandz | *libdaz | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *libbjan
- Old Norse: lifa
- Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (liban)
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*libēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 336