Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/albʰós
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Alternative reconstructions
Adjective
*albʰós (non-ablauting)[2]
Inflection
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *albʰós | *albʰéh₂ | |
| genitive | *albʰósyo | *albʰéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *albʰós | *albʰóh₁ | *albʰóes |
| vocative | *albʰé | *albʰóh₁ | *albʰóes |
| accusative | *albʰóm | *albʰóh₁ | *albʰóms |
| genitive | *albʰósyo | *? | *albʰóHom |
| ablative | *albʰéad | *? | *albʰómos, *albʰóbʰos |
| dative | *albʰóey | *? | *albʰómos, *albʰóbʰos |
| locative | *albʰéy, *albʰóy | *? | *albʰóysu |
| instrumental | *albʰóh₁ | *? | *albʰṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *albʰéh₂ | *albʰéh₂h₁(e) | *albʰéh₂es |
| vocative | *albʰéh₂ | *albʰéh₂h₁(e) | *albʰéh₂es |
| accusative | *albʰā́m | *albʰéh₂h₁(e) | *albʰéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *albʰéh₂s | *? | *albʰéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *albʰéh₂s | *? | *albʰéh₂mos, *albʰéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *albʰéh₂ey | *? | *albʰéh₂mos, *albʰéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *albʰéh₂, *albʰéh₂i | *? | *albʰéh₂su |
| instrumental | *albʰéh₂h₁ | *? | *albʰéh₂mis, *albʰéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *albʰóm | *albʰóy(h₁) | *albʰéh₂ |
| vocative | *albʰóm | *albʰóy(h₁) | *albʰéh₂ |
| accusative | *albʰóm | *albʰóy(h₁) | *albʰéh₂ |
| genitive | *albʰósyo | *? | *albʰóHom |
| ablative | *albʰéad | *? | *albʰómos, *albʰóbʰos |
| dative | *albʰóey | *? | *albʰómos, *albʰóbʰos |
| locative | *albʰéy, *albʰóy | *? | *albʰóysu |
| instrumental | *albʰóh₁ | *? | *albʰṓys |
Derived terms
- *(H)albʰ-H-nó-s or *(H)albʰ-eno-s?
- Proto-Celtic: *albanos
- *(H)albʰ-ih₂
- >? Proto-Germanic: *albī (“river”) (see there for further descendants)
- *(H)albʰ-i-s
- >? *(H)álbʰ-it (“barley”)
- >? *(H)álbʰ-us ~ *(H)l̥bʰ-éw-s
Unsorted formations:
- >? Proto-Armenian: *aławun
- Old Armenian: աղաւնի (aławni, “dove, pigeon”) (possibly)
- Proto-Germanic: *albits ~ *albuts (“swan”), now at Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/albut
- Proto-Slavic: *olbǫdь (“swan”) (see there for further descendants)
Descendants
- Proto-Anatolian: *albós
- Hittite: 𒀠𒉺𒀸 (alpas)
- Proto-Celtic: *albos
- Proto-Hellenic: *alpʰós
- Ancient Greek: ἀλφός (alphós)
- Proto-Italic: *alβos (see there for further descendants)
- →? Proto-Finnic: *kalbas
References
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) “*h₄elbhós”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 55
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 10