Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wérsēn

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    Uncertain; possibly from *h₁wers- (“to rain, sprinkle (water, urine, semen)”),[1] or perhaps from *wers- (“to rise (up)”)[2] +‎ *-ḗn.

    Noun

    *wérsēn m (oblique stem *wr̥sn̥-)[3][4]

    1. virile man
    2. male animal

    Inflection

    Athematic, hysterokinetic
    singular
    nominative *wérsēn
    genitive *wr̥snés
    singular dual plural
    nominative *wérsēn *wérsenh₁(e) *wérsenes
    vocative *wérsen *wérsenh₁(e) *wérsenes
    accusative *wérsenm̥ *wérsenh₁(e) *wérsenm̥s
    genitive *wr̥snés *? *wr̥snóHom
    ablative *wr̥snés *? *wr̥sn̥mós, *wr̥sn̥bʰós
    dative *wr̥snéy *? *wr̥sn̥mós, *wr̥sn̥bʰós
    locative *wérsen, *wérseni *? *wr̥sn̥sú
    instrumental *wr̥snéh₁ *? *wr̥sn̥mís, *wr̥sn̥bʰís

    Alternative reconstructions

    • *wrés-i-s ~ *wr̥s-y-és
      • Proto-Germanic: *(w)risiz (“hero, giant”)[9] (see there for further descendants)
    • *wr̥s-yó-s

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯ₑr̥sen-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1170
    2. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2000) Das Perfekt im Indoiranischen, page 476f
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pronk, Tijmen (2009) “(v)ṛṣabhá-, Greek ἂρσην, ἔρσην: the spraying bull of Indo-European?”, in Historische Sprachforschung, volume 122, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht: “.*uers-ēn, acc.sg. *urs-en-m, gen.sg. *urs-n-os”
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “άρσην,-ενος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 141: “*uers-n- ‘male’”
    5. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯r̥sen-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 81
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “1. *u̯ers-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 722-724: “*wŕ̥s-en-”
    7. ^ Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page 2275: “*(h₁)r̥sen-”
    8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “verrēs, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 666: “*h₂u̯ŕ̥s-en-”
    9. ^ Vercoullie, Jozef (1925) “reus”, in Beknopt etymologisch woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), 's-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, page 287
    10. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2017–2018) “Chapter XII: Tocharian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Tocharian, page 1368: “*gʷou-wṛsen-”
    11. ^ Pronk, Tijmen (2009) “Sanskrit (v)r̥ṣabhá-, Greek ἄρσην, ἔρσην: the spraying bull of Indo-European?”, in Historische Sprachforschung, volume 122
    12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hellquist, Elof (1922) “orne”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎ (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 553
    13. ^ Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*wĕršē”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎, Moscow: Asterisk Publishers
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