ऋषभ
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Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit ऋषभ (ṛṣabha).
Pronunciation
Noun
ऋषभ • (ŕṣabh) m
Declension
Declension of ऋषभ (masc cons-stem)
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “ऋषभ”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi : Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “ऋषभ”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “ऋषभ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ঋষভ (Assamese script)
- ᬋᬱᬪ (Balinese script)
- ঋষভ (Bengali script)
- 𑰆𑰬𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀋𑀱𑀪 (Brahmi script)
- ၒၑဘ (Burmese script)
- ઋષભ (Gujarati script)
- ਰਸ਼ਭ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌋𑌷𑌭 (Grantha script)
- ꦉꦰꦨ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂱𑂭𑂦 (Kaithi script)
- ಋಷಭ (Kannada script)
- ឫឞភ (Khmer script)
- ຣິຩຠ (Lao script)
- ഋഷഭ (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᡳᢢᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘆𑘬𑘥 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠢᢔᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦦𑧌𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐆𑐲𑐨 (Newa script)
- ଋଷଭ (Odia script)
- ꢈꢰꢩ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆉𑆰𑆨 (Sharada script)
- 𑖆𑖬𑖥 (Siddham script)
- ඍෂභ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩙𑪀𑩳 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡 (Takri script)
- ரிஷப⁴ (Tamil script)
- ఋషభ (Telugu script)
- ฤษภ (Thai script)
- རྀ་ཥ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒇𑒭𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨉𑨯𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (arəšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Old Armenian առն (aṙn), Latin verrēs (“boar”). Also related to वृषभ (vṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).
Pronunciation
Noun
ऋषभ • (ṛṣabhá) stem, m
- a bull
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.166.1:
- ऋ॒ष॒भं मा॑ समा॒नानां॑ स॒पत्ना॑नां विषास॒हिम्।
ह॒न्तारं॒ शत्रू॑णां कृधि वि॒राजं॒ गोप॑तिं॒ गवा॑म्॥- ṛṣabháṃ mā samānā́nāṃ sapátnānāṃ viṣāsahím.
hantā́raṃ śátrūṇāṃ kṛdhi virā́jaṃ gópatiṃ gávām. - Make me a bull among my peers, make me conquer my rivals, make me the slayer of my foes, a sovereign ruler lord of the cattle.
- ṛṣabháṃ mā samānā́nāṃ sapátnānāṃ viṣāsahím.
- ऋ॒ष॒भं मा॑ समा॒नानां॑ स॒पत्ना॑नां विषास॒हिम्।
- a male animal of any kind
- the best, excellent and the most powerful of any kind or race
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | ऋषभः ṛṣabháḥ |
ऋषभौ / ऋषभा¹ ṛṣabhaú / ṛṣabhā́¹ |
ऋषभाः / ऋषभासः¹ ṛṣabhā́ḥ / ṛṣabhā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | ऋषभ ṛ́ṣabha |
ऋषभौ / ऋषभा¹ ṛ́ṣabhau / ṛ́ṣabhā¹ |
ऋषभाः / ऋषभासः¹ ṛ́ṣabhāḥ / ṛ́ṣabhāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | ऋषभम् ṛṣabhám |
ऋषभौ / ऋषभा¹ ṛṣabhaú / ṛṣabhā́¹ |
ऋषभान् ṛṣabhā́n |
| Instrumental | ऋषभेण ṛṣabhéṇa |
ऋषभाभ्याम् ṛṣabhā́bhyām |
ऋषभैः / ऋषभेभिः¹ ṛṣabhaíḥ / ṛṣabhébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | ऋषभाय ṛṣabhā́ya |
ऋषभाभ्याम् ṛṣabhā́bhyām |
ऋषभेभ्यः ṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | ऋषभात् ṛṣabhā́t |
ऋषभाभ्याम् ṛṣabhā́bhyām |
ऋषभेभ्यः ṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | ऋषभस्य ṛṣabhásya |
ऋषभयोः ṛṣabháyoḥ |
ऋषभाणाम् ṛṣabhā́ṇām |
| Locative | ऋषभे ṛṣabhé |
ऋषभयोः ṛṣabháyoḥ |
ऋषभेषु ṛṣabhéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨮𐨬𐨿𐨱 (uṣavha)
- Khowar: ریݰو (reṣú)
- Pali: usabha
- → Khmer: ឧសភ (ʼŏsâph)
- → Kannada: ಋಷಭ (ṛṣabha)
- → Malayalam: ഋഷഭം (r̥ṣabhaṁ), ഇടവം (iṭavaṁ)
- → Tamil: ரிஷபம் (riṣapam), இடபம் (iṭapam)
- → Telugu: ఋషభము (r̥ṣabhamu)
See also
| Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣa) | ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “ऋषभ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 226, column 3.