Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/siŋ ~ sik

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

• Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *siŋ (Chou, 1972), *sying (Coblin, 1986)
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *siŋ ⪤ *sik (Matisoff, STEDT); *siŋ(*B) (Chou, 1972); *siŋ (Weidert, 1987; LaPolla, 1987; Benedict, 1972)

This etymon may be cognate with PST *s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ (“live, alive, green”); possible links are Chinese 新 (xīn) and Written Burmese သစ် (sac) (both "new"), both homophonic with the reflexes below in the respective languages.

*siŋ ~ sik

1. tree
2. wood

• Old Chinese: 薪 (xīn) ("firewood"), 新 (xīn) ("to fell, to lumber") /*sin/ (B-S); /*siŋ/ (ZS) ("firewood")
  • Middle Chinese: 薪 (xīn), 新 (xīn) /siɪn/
    • Modern Mandarin
      • Beijing: 薪 (xīn), 新 (xīn) (xīn, /ɕin⁵⁵/)
• Tangut-Qiang
  • Northern Tangut
    • Tangut: 𘖹 (*lhə, “plane (for carpentry)”)
• Himalayish
  • Tibeto-Kanauri
    • Bodic
      • Tibetan
        • Written Tibetan: ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”)
• Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
  • Lolo-Burmese
    • Burmish
      • Written Burmese: သစ် (sac, “log, timber; lumber, wood”)
• Proto-Kuki-Chin: *thiŋ
  • Central
    • Mizo: thing
  • Khomic
    • Khumi Chin: thing
  • Northern
    • Zou: sing

• *taŋ (“pine”)