Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borzda
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- (“to point, to mark”) + *-da (positional particle), related to Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) (< *bʰr̥štíš), Proto-Germanic *barzdaz (“edge, brim”). Perhaps further akin to Lithuanian birži̇̀s / bir̃žė (“furrow”), Latvian bìrze (“furrow”), which possibly reflect *bʰerH- (“to pierce”) instead. See references for further discussion.
Noun
Inflection
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *bōrzdà | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
| genitive | *bōrzdỳ | *bōrzdù | *bõrzdъ |
| dative | *bōrzdě̀ | *bōrzdàma | *bōrzdàmъ |
| accusative | *bōrzdǫ̀ | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
| instrumental | *bōrzdòjǫ, *bõrzdǫ** | *bōrzdàma | *bōrzdàmī |
| locative | *bōrzdě̀ | *bōrzdù | *bōrzdàsъ, *bōrzdàxъ* |
| vocative | *borzdo | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- → Russian: бразда́ (brazdá) (archaic, poetic)
- Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)
- Macedonian: бразда (brazda)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: brázda
- Czech: brázda
- Lechitic:
- Polabian: bordźă
- Old Polish: brózda
- Polish: bruzda, brózda (pre-reform orthography (1936) or Middle Polish), brozda, brożda, brużda (Middle Polish), broźna (Podlachia), brozna (Northern Borderlands)
- Silesian: brōzda
- Pomeranian:
- Slovak: brázda
- Sorbian:
- Old Czech: brázda
- Non-Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*borzda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 220
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “борозда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Skok, Petar (1971) “Proto-Slavic/borzda”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 203
- Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*borzda”, in Słownik prasłowiański (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 333
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*barzda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 54
- ^ “biržis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė , 2007–2012
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*borzdà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 59: “f. ā (b) ‘furrow’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “borzda”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b fure (PR 135)”