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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/groziti. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/groziti, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/groziti in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *graź-. Cognate with Lithuanian gražóti (“to threaten”), Latvian gręzôt (“to threaten”). Vasmer adds as possible candidates Ancient Greek γοργός (gorgós, “terrible”), Γοργώ (Gorgṓ, “gorgon”), Irish garg, gargg (“harsh, wild”), gráin (“disgrace”) < *gragnis; however, Derksen rejects the comparison with γοργός (gorgós) as "formally impossible". Chernykh notes that Lithuanian grasà (“threat”), grasùs (“threatening”), grasìnti (“to threaten”) are often given as cognates, but the comparison is difficult because of the mismatch between Lithuanian s and Slavic *z.
Verb
*grozìti impf[1]
- to threaten
Inflection
Conjugation of
*groziti, *grozi, *grozitь (
impf.,
-i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
*groženьje
|
*groziti
|
*grozitъ
|
*grozilъ
|
|
Participles
|
Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
Passive
|
*groženъ
|
*grozimъ
|
Active
|
*grožь
|
*grozę
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
Singular
|
*grozixъ |
*grozi |
*grozi
|
*grožǫ |
*groziši |
*grozitь
|
Dual
|
*grozixově |
*grozista |
*groziste
|
*grozivě |
*grozita |
*grozite
|
Plural
|
*grozixomъ |
*groziste |
*grozišę
|
*grozimъ |
*grozite |
*grozętь
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
Singular
|
*grožaaxъ |
*grožaaše |
*grožaaše
|
— |
*grozi |
*grozi
|
Dual
|
*grožaaxově |
*grožaašeta |
*grožaašete
|
*grozivě |
*grozita |
—
|
Plural
|
*grožaaxomъ |
*grožaašete |
*grožaaxǫ
|
*grozimъ |
*grozite |
—
|
Notes: - (*)*grozivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грозити (groziti) (10th century)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “гроза́”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 219
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*groziti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 143
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гроза́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*grozìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 191: “v. (c) ‘threaten’”