Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopněti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

• *kopьněti, *kopьniti (ESSJa)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- ~ *kʷap- (“to boil, to steam, to stink”), related to Latin cupiō (“to desire”) and Lithuanian kvapas (“aroma”). Possibly akin to Ancient Greek καπνός (kapnós, “smoke”), Latin vapor. Schrijver reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₂wep- in order to explain the broken tone in Lithuanian kûpt (“to smoke, to steam”), which according to Derksen could alternatively be a result of the sta-present conjugation.

Trubachev reconstructs *kopьněti as if from *kopьna (“heap, pile”) +‎ *-ěti, which is semantically dubious. The later is akin to Proto-Slavic *kopati (“to dig”).

*kopněti impf

1. to melt in parts (not homogeneously)

   Synonyms: *tajati, *topiti

2. (figuratively) to yearn, to long for

• *kopniti

• *kopnežь, *kopněžь (“longing, strong desire”)

• *kopъtь (“smoke, steam, soot”)
• *kypěti (“to boil up”)
• *koprъ (“dill”)
  • *kopriva (“nettle”)

• East Slavic:
  • Ukrainian: кіпніти (kipnity)^[1]
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: копне́я (kopnéja)
  • Macedonian: копнее (kopnee)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ко̀пнети, 1p. ко́пнӣм

    Latin script: kòpneti, 1p. kópnīm

  • Slovene: kopnẹ́ti (possibly)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: kopňat, kopňet (dialectal)
  • Slovak: kopnieť (dialectal)

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kopьněti/*kopьniti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 44
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “копнея”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 618
• Snoj, Marko (2016) “kopneti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kopъtъ, *kopъtь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233