Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lǫka
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lengʷʰ-, the source of Proto-Germanic *lingwą (“heather”).[1][2] Or, both are from a substrate source, as suggested by the irregular velar correspondences (note also the synonym *lǫ̑gъ). In any case, cognate with Latvian lañka (“bend of a river, big low-lying meadow, big puddle”), Lithuanian lankà (“water-meadow, swamp”).
Noun
- low-lying meadow, water-meadow
- Synonym: *lǫ̑gъ
Inflection
Declension of *lǭkà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *lǭkà | *lǫ̃cě | *lǭkỳ |
| genitive | *lǭkỳ | *lǭkù | *lǫ̃kъ |
| dative | *lǭcě̀ | *lǭkàma | *lǭkàmъ |
| accusative | *lǭkǫ̀ | *lǫ̃cě | *lǭkỳ |
| instrumental | *lǭkòjǫ, *lǫ̃kǫ** | *lǭkàma | *lǭkàmī |
| locative | *lǭcě̀ | *lǭkù | *lǭkàsъ, *lǭkàxъ* |
| vocative | *lǫko | *lǫ̃cě | *lǭkỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *lękati, *lęcati (“to set traps, to scare?”)
- *lęťi (“to bend”)
- *lękъ (“bent”)
- *lǭčìti (“to separate”)
- *lǫčьje (“rush”)
- *lǫkàvъ (“curved, cunning”)
- *lǫ̑kъ (“bow”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: luncă
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лука́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1895”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1895
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “lingwa”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lǭkà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288: “f. ā (b) ‘low-lying medow, water-meadow’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “lǫka lǫky”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b bend, curve; meadow at a river bend (NA 91, 144; SA 20; PR 135)”