Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orbъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

PIE word
*h₃órbʰos

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *árbas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (orphan). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, orphaned), Latin orbus (orphaned), Old Armenian որբ (orb, orphan; orphaned) and Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha, child; small). Per Derksen, probably also cognate with Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz.

    Noun

    *õrbъ m

    1. servant, slave

    Declension

    Declension of *õrbъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *õrbъ *ōrbà *ōrbì
    genitive *ōrbà *ōrbù *õrbъ
    dative *ōrbù *ōrbòma *ōrbòmъ
    accusative *õrbъ *ōrbà *ōrbỳ
    instrumental *ōrbъ̀mь, *ōrbòmь* *ōrbòma *õrby
    locative *ōrbě̀ *ōrbù *õrběxъ
    vocative *orbe *ōrbà *ōrbì

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: робъ (robŭ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: рабъ (rabŭ)
        Glagolitic script: ⱃⰰⰱⱏ (rabŭ)
        • Old East Slavic: рабъ (rabŭ) (see there for further descendants)
        • Old Novgorodian:
          Old Cyrillic script: рабе (rabe)
          Glagolitic script: ⱃⰰⰱⰵ (rabe)
      • Bulgarian: раб (rab)
      • Macedonian: раб (rab)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ра̏б
        Latin script: rȁb
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: rob
      • Slovak: (dialectal) rob
      • Bulgarian: роб (rob)
      • Macedonian: роб (rob)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: роб
        Latin script: rob
      • Slovene: rob
    • Non-Slavic:
      • Hungarian: rab
        • Old Slovak: rab
      • Romanian: rob

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*orbъ/*orba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 131
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “раб”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

    References

    1. 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*orbъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 373:m. o ‘servant, slave’
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “orbъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:b? slave (PR 134)
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “rọ̑b”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:*orbъ̏