Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫbota
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin (either Medieval Latin sabbatum or Vulgar Latin *sambatum), from Ancient Greek σάββᾱτον (sábbāton), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ, “sabbath”).
Noun
*sǫbota f
Declension
Declension of *sǫbota (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sǫbota | *sǫbotě | *sǫboty |
| genitive | *sǫboty | *sǫbotu | *sǫbotъ |
| dative | *sǫbotě | *sǫbotama | *sǫbotamъ |
| accusative | *sǫbotǫ | *sǫbotě | *sǫboty |
| instrumental | *sǫbotojǫ, *sǫbotǫ** | *sǫbotama | *sǫbotami |
| locative | *sǫbotě | *sǫbotu | *sǫbotasъ, *sǫbotaxъ* |
| vocative | *sǫboto | *sǫbotě | *sǫboty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
| Days of the week in Proto-Slavic · *dьne nedě̀ľę̇/tajegodьne (layout · text) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *neděľa | *ponedělъkъ *ponedělьnikъ |
*vъtorъkъ *vъtorьnikъ |
*serda | *četvьrtъkъ | *pętъkъ | *sǫbota |
Descendants
The East and South Slavic languages have a form that derives from a nasal variant *sǫbota. The West Slavic forms have no nasal, *sobota.
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: съ́бота (sǎ́bota), съ́мбута (sǎ́mbuta) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: сабота (sabota)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: sobọ́ta (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic languages:
- → Hungarian: szombat
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “суббо́та”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress