Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-miĺ

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 This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U E / I / Ö / Ü
*-mïĺ *-miĺ

Etymology

Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-mel (“suffix forming resultive nouns from verbs”).

Suffix

*-miĺ

  1. Forms past tense, heard, unseen, unexperienced or otherwise unclear to the speaker.
    ‎*seb- (“to love”) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*sebmiĺ (“(I guess/I heard that) she/he/it loved.”)
  2. Forms the perfect participle of a verb.
    ‎*öl- (“to die”) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*ölmiĺ (“dead”)

Usage notes

Non-verbs cannot directly take past tenses. The verb Proto-Turkic *er- (“to be (aux.)”) takes the past tense suffix and with it the meaning of the past tense is provided. For example; ‎*eb er- (“house + to be”) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*eb ermiĺ (“(I guess/I heard that) it was a house.”).

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-miĺ
  • *-ti (past tense seen or clear)
  • *-gan (verbal adjective)

Descendants

Some of these may indicate that this suffix only survive in forms of *er- (“to be”).

  • Common Turkic:

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia