Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ni

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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

Etymology

Perhaps earlier *-nig if so, cognate with the form *-ig.

Suffix

*-ni

  1. Suffix creating the accusative case.
    *biŕ (we) + ‎*-ni → ‎*biŕni (us (accusative))
    (Old Turkic) Synonym: *-ig

Usage notes

  1. (Old Turkic) Old Turkic instead uses an -ig variant that is entirely replaced by -ni by Middle Turkic.
    *at (horse) + ‎*-ni → ‎*atïg (the horse (accusative))
  2. (Common Turkic) The third person possessive suffix is taken without the letter -i.
    *anïŋ ebi (his/her/its house) + ‎*-ni → ‎*anïŋ ebin (his/her/its house (accusative))
  3. (Old Turkic) The first and second person singular possessive suffix instead takes the form -in.
    *beniŋ ebim (my house) + ‎*-ni → ‎*beniŋ ebimin (my house (accusative))
    *seniŋ ebiŋ (your house) + ‎*-ni → ‎*seniŋ ebiŋin (your house (accusative))
  • *-ka (dative case)
  • *-niŋ (genitive case)
  • *-de (locative case)
  • *-den (ablative case)
  • *-gerü (allative case)
  • *-če (equative case)

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)
  • Common Turkic:

References

  • Gabain, Annemarie Von (2013) Berrin Akçalı, transl., Eski Türkçede Zamirler, volume 61, number 1, Belleten, pages 131–142
  • Tekin, Talât (2000) Orhon Türkçesi Grameri [a Grammer of Orkhon Turkic (Turkish version)]‎ (in Turkish), Ankara, →ISBN, pages 107-110