Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/altūn
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Unknown.
Disyllabic root and the sense "copper" present in Yakut hints at a compound of *āl (“scarlet, red”) + *tun (“copper”), second element borrowed from Middle Chinese 銅 (duwng, “copper”), although vowel length does not match.
Likely related to Proto-Mongolic *altan (“gold”). Compare Mongolian алт (alt), Dongxiang antang and Daur alt.
Noun
*altūn
- gold (metal)
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *altūn |
| accusative | *altūnug, *altūnnï1) |
| genitive | *altūnnuŋ |
| dative | *altūnka |
| locative | *altūnta |
| ablative | *altūntan |
| allative | *altūngaru |
| instrumental 2) | *altūnun |
| equative 2) | *altūnča |
| similative 2) | *altūnlayu |
| comitative 2) | *altūnlugu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Proto-Common Turkic: *altun
See also
| Minerals in Proto-Turkic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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stone: *tāĺ |
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iron: *temür |
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silver: *kümüĺ |
_1_(17001285916).jpg) |
gold: *altūn |
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copper: *bakïr |
.jpg) |
chalk or earth: *bōr |
_7_(29371452793).jpg) |
coal: *kömür |
_(Billianwala_Salt_Member,_Salt_Range_Formation,_Ediacaran_to_Lower_Cambrian;_Khewra_Salt_Mine,_Salt_Range,_Pakistan)_17.jpg) |
salt: *tūŕ |
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lead: *korguĺčïn |
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “altuːn”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 131
- Tokat, Feyza (2014) “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi), volume 7, number 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.
- Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation), Utrecht: LOT