Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/toy
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Alternative Reconstructions
Reconstruction notes
Whether this root had a long or short vowel is a matter of contention. Here, it is taken as with a short vowel following the short voweled variants found in modern reflexes.
Etymology
Uncertain. Some etymologies listed in the literature include:
- Yegorov (1964) ascribes Chuvash туй (tuj) to "12th century Turkish" (Middle Turkic) *tuy ("assembly, crowd, congregation") and refuses a connection with *to- (“to be satiated”) for Chuvash.
- Doerfer (1968) - and citing him, Clauson (1972) - suggests a semantic shift of "royal tent camp" > "aggregation" > "feast" > "wedding" / "marriage" to explain the two different meanings associated with this root. In Doerfer's work, the etymology suggested by Räsänen (different than the one referenced in this page) is declared untenable, citing historical forms for Old Turkic.
- In the same entry, a potential linking of this root to *tuy (“clay, loam”) is discussed. This supposed etymology is seconded with the potential parallel of supposed Old Turkic 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽲 (pʾlyq /balïḳ/, “city, settlement”) < *balïk (“mud”). This potential relation assumes a priori that two meanings are related.
- Räsänen (1969) assumes two meanings to belong to different roots and derives düğün (*doń-gün) from this root.
- Nişanyan (2002-) suggests a derivation from *to- (“to be satiated”).
In Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk (1072), Maḫmud al-Ḳašġarî writes down that Oghuz people do not know this This is most likely the case due to Oghuz branch not preserving the primary sense of military camp, which is what the Karakhanid word translates to in Arabic.
Noun
*toy
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Proto-Common Turkic:
References
- al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume 3, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 141
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “to:y”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 566-567
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) “1352. طوی (ṭōi̯)”, in Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20) (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 352-355
- Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “ТУЙ (I)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 255
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “toy”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) “toń”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 488
- Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “TOJ (I, II)”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 572