Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yās
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Unknown. In modern descendants, excluding Yakut, the reflexes of this root are indistinguishable from loanwords from Arabic يَأْس (yaʔs) although Oghuz forms are definitely not loanwords from said source.
Noun
*yās
Declension
Declension of *yās
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *yās |
| Accusative | *yāsïg, *yāsnï1) |
| Genitive | *yāsnïŋ |
| Dative | *yāska |
| Locative | *yāsda |
| Ablative | *yāsdan |
| Allative | *yāsgaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *yāsïn |
| Equative 2) | *yāsča |
| Similative 2) | *yāslayu |
| Comitative 2) | *yāslïgu |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur: *ʒās
- Old Chuvash: *ďās
- → Old Hungarian: gazolcodic (ďāsolkodik, “to wear funeral clothes, to be bereft”) (c. 1416)
- Hungarian: gyász (“bereavement, mourning”)
- Anatri: *śüs
- → Eastern Mari: сӧс (sös, “memorial celebration”)
- → Old Hungarian: gazolcodic (ďāsolkodik, “to wear funeral clothes, to be bereft”) (c. 1416)
- Old Chuvash: *ďās
- Common Turkic: *yās
- Oghuz: ياسْ (yās, “death”)
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: ias (yās, “melancholy, sadness”)
- Siberian Turkic:
References
- Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 376, 377
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ya:s”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 973
- Eren, Hasan (1999) “yas”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 442
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2015-03-05) “yas”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 191
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jās”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill