Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/slāpan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *slēpaną.

Verb

*slāpan^[1]

to sleep
Synonym: *swefan

Inflection

Strong class 7d
Infinitive	*slāpan
1st sg. past	*slēp
3rd pl. past	*slēpun
Past ptcple	*slāpan
Infinitive	*slāpan
Genitive infin.	*slāpannjas
Dative infin.	*slāpannjē
Instrum. infin.	*slāpannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*slāpu	*slēp
2nd singular	*slāpiʀi	*slēpī
3rd singular	*slāpidi	*slēp
1st plural	*slāpum	*slēpum
2nd plural	*slāpid	*slēpud
3rd plural	*slāpand	*slēpun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*slāpē	*slēpī
2nd singular	*slāpēs	*slēpī
3rd singular	*slāpē	*slēpī
1st plural	*slāpēm	*slēpīm
2nd plural	*slāpēþ	*slēpīd
3rd plural	*slāpēn	*slēpīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*slāp
Plural	*slāpid
	Present	Past
Participle	*slāpandī	*slāpan

Related terms

*slāp

Descendants

Old English: slǣpan, slēpan, slāpan
- Middle English: slepen, slæpen, sleepen, slepe
  - English: sleep
    - Sranan Tongo: sribi
  - Scots: sleep, sleip, slepe
Old Frisian: slēpa
- North Frisian: sliepe
- Saterland Frisian: släipe
- West Frisian: sliepe
Old Saxon: slāpan
- Middle Low German: slâpen
  - German Low German: slapen
  - Low German: slapen
Old Dutch: slāpan
- Middle Dutch: slâpen
  - Dutch: slapen
    - Afrikaans: slaap
    - Negerhollands: slaap, slap, slaep
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: slapi, slappe
  - Limburgish: slaope
  - Zealandic: slaepe
Old High German: slāfan
- Middle High German: slāfen
  - Alemannic German: schlaaffe, schlooffe
    Badisch: schlofe
    Italian Walser: schloafe, schloafen, schlofe, schlàfu, schlaafä
  - Bavarian:
    Central Bavarian: schloffa
    Cimbrian: slaafan, slafan, slavan
    Mòcheno: schloven
    South Tyrolean: schlofn, sghlofn
  - Central Franconian: schlofe
    - Hunsrik: schlofe
    - Luxembourgish: schlofen
  - German: schlafen
  - Rhine Franconian: schlofe
    - Pennsylvania German: schlofe
  - Yiddish: שלאָפֿן (shlofn)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 149: “PWGmc *slāpan”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 149: “PWGmc *slāpan”

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