cyntaf

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Welsh

Welsh numbers (edit)
10
 ←  0 1 2  → [a], [b] 10  → 
    Cardinal: un
    Ordinal: cyntaf
    Ordinal abbreviation: 1af
    Adverbial: unwaith
Welsh Wikipedia article on 1

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Welsh kyntaf, from Proto-Brythonic *kɨnthaβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kentusamos. Equivalent to cynt (“sooner, faster, earlier”) +‎ -af.

Pronunciation

Adjective

cyntaf

  1. (ordinal number) first
    1. foremost, chief, principal
    2. pristine
    Synonym: unfed
  2. superlative degree of cyflym: swiftest, quickest, fastest, fleetest
  3. superlative degree of cynnar: earliest

Usage notes

  • Unlike other ordinals but like most adjectives, cyntaf follows the noun, for instance, y llawr cyntaf (the first floor).
  • The synonymous word unfed (“first”) is used in compound numbers, whereas cyntaf is used elsewhere, for instance, y llawr cyntaf (the first floor), yr unfed llawr ar hugain (the twenty-first floor).

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cyntaf gyntaf nghyntaf chyntaf
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyntaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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