hryggur
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Icelandic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *hrewwjaz, related to the verb *hrewwaną (“to cause regret”). Cognate with English rue.
Adjective
hryggur (comparative hryggari, superlative hryggastur)
Declension
positive forms of hryggur
| strong declension (indefinite) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | hryggur | hrygg | hryggt | |
| accusative | hryggan | hrygga | ||
| dative | hryggum | hryggri | hryggu | |
| genitive | hryggs | hryggrar | hryggs | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | hryggir | hryggar | hrygg | |
| accusative | hrygga | |||
| dative | hryggum | |||
| genitive | hryggra | |||
| weak declension (definite) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | hryggi | hrygga | hrygga | |
| acc/dat/gen | hrygga | hryggu | ||
| plural (all-case) | hryggu | |||
superlative forms of hryggur
| strong declension (indefinite) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | hryggastur | hryggust | hryggast | |
| accusative | hryggastan | hryggasta | ||
| dative | hryggustum | hryggastri | hryggustu | |
| genitive | hryggasts | hryggastrar | hryggasts | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | hryggastir | hryggastar | hryggust | |
| accusative | hryggasta | |||
| dative | hryggustum | |||
| genitive | hryggastra | |||
| weak declension (definite) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | hryggasti | hryggasta | hryggasta | |
| acc/dat/gen | hryggasta | hryggustu | ||
| plural (all-case) | hryggustu | |||
Etymology 2
Noun
hryggur m (genitive singular hryggjar or (uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed) hryggs, nominative plural hryggir)
- (anatomy) the spine, the back
- 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
- Krummi krunkar úti,
kallar á nafna sinn:
„Ég fann höfuð af hrúti
hrygg og gæruskinn.“
Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér,
krummi nafni minn.- “Krummi croaks outside,
calling his namesake:
‘I found the head of a ram,
backbone and sheepskin.’
Come now and peck with me,
Krummi, my namesake.”
- “Krummi croaks outside,
- 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
- (landscape) a ridge
- Synonym: fjallsás
Declension
Declension of hryggur (masculine)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | hryggur | hryggurinn | hryggir | hryggirnir |
| accusative | hrygg | hrygginn | hryggi | hryggina |
| dative | hrygg | hryggnum | hryggjum | hryggjunum |
| genitive | hryggjar, hryggs1 | hryggjarins, hryggsins1 | hryggja | hryggjanna |
1Uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed.