hryggur

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Germanic *hrewwjaz, related to the verb *hrewwaną (“to cause regret”). Cognate with English rue.

Adjective

hryggur (comparative hryggari, superlative hryggastur)

  1. sad, regretful, sorrowful, woeful
Inflection
    positive (strong declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggur hrygg hryggt
accusative hryggan hrygga hryggt
dative hryggum hryggri hryggu
genitive hryggs hryggrar hryggs
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggir hryggar hrygg
accusative hrygga hryggar hrygg
dative hryggum hryggum hryggum
genitive hryggra hryggra hryggra
    positive (weak declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggi hrygga hrygga
accusative hrygga hryggu hrygga
dative hrygga hryggu hrygga
genitive hrygga hryggu hrygga
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggu hryggu hryggu
accusative hryggu hryggu hryggu
dative hryggu hryggu hryggu
genitive hryggu hryggu hryggu
    comparative
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggari hryggari hryggara
accusative hryggari hryggari hryggara
dative hryggari hryggari hryggara
genitive hryggari hryggari hryggara
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggari hryggari hryggari
accusative hryggari hryggari hryggari
dative hryggari hryggari hryggari
genitive hryggari hryggari hryggari
    superlative (strong declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggastur hryggust hryggast
accusative hryggastan hryggasta hryggast
dative hryggustum hryggastri hryggustu
genitive hryggasts hryggastrar hryggasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggastir hryggastar hryggust
accusative hryggasta hryggastar hryggust
dative hryggustum hryggustum hryggustum
genitive hryggastra hryggastra hryggastra
    superlative (weak declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggasti hryggasta hryggasta
accusative hryggasta hryggustu hryggasta
dative hryggasta hryggustu hryggasta
genitive hryggasta hryggustu hryggasta
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
accusative hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
dative hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
genitive hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hryggr.

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Noun

hryggur m (genitive singular hryggjar or (uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed) hryggs, nominative plural hryggir)

  1. (anatomy) the spine, the back
    • 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
      Krummi krunkar úti,
      kallar á nafna sinn:
      „Ég fann höfuð af hrúti
      hrygg og gæruskinn.“
      Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér,
      krummi nafni minn.
      “Krummi croaks outside,
      calling his namesake:
      ‘I found the head of a ram,
      backbone and sheepskin.’
      Come now and peck with me,
      Krummi, my namesake.”
  2. (landscape) a ridge
Declension
Declension of hryggur (masculine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative hryggur hryggurinn hryggir hryggirnir
accusative hrygg hrygginn hryggi hryggina
dative hrygg hryggnum hryggjum hryggjunum
genitive hryggjar, hryggs1 hryggjarins, hryggsins1 hryggja hryggjanna

1Uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed.

Synonyms
Derived terms
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