intestinus

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Latin

Etymology

The first element from inter (“between”) (so De Vaan 2008) or intus (“within; inwards”) (so WH 1938), both from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”) - cf. in (“in”), interior (“inner”), intrā (“on the inside, within”); the second element represents a compound with Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“stand”) (Latin stō): zero-grade extended by -i-, or e-grade with later remodelling after -īnus (so De Vaan); or is a chaining of the suffixes *-tyo- and *-nós (so WH). Compare internus, without the middle element.

Pronunciation

Adjective

intestīnus (feminine intestīna, neuter intestīnum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. internal in various senses, namely:
    1. (occurring within a state) civic, domestic, internal
      1. (peculiar to the individual) individual, personal, private
    2. (of or affecting the internal organs) internal, inward
    3. (mare ~um) the Mediterranean Sea
    4. (opus ~um) (also alone) interior woodwork, joinery

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative intestīnus intestīna intestīnum intestīnī intestīnae intestīna
genitive intestīnī intestīnae intestīnī intestīnōrum intestīnārum intestīnōrum
dative intestīnō intestīnae intestīnō intestīnīs
accusative intestīnum intestīnam intestīnum intestīnōs intestīnās intestīna
ablative intestīnō intestīnā intestīnō intestīnīs
vocative intestīne intestīna intestīnum intestīnī intestīnae intestīna

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → French: intestin (learned)
  • → Italian: intestino (learned)

References

  • “intestīnus” on page 1046 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “intestīnus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 307
  • Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938–1954) “intestīnus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter

Further reading

  • “intestinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “intestinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • intestinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) a civil war: bellum intestinum, domesticum (opp. bellum externum)
  • intestinus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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