köszön

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Hungarian

Etymology

Probably from a Turkic language, related to Turkmen küýsemek.[1] See other related words at Proto-Turkic *kǖse-. The Hungarian meaning may derive from the narrowing of the sense “to wish” into “to wish sy. well or blessings”, i.e. on occasion of greeting them or saying them goodbye.[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: kö‧szön
  • Rhymes: -øn

Verb

köszön

  1. (intransitive) to greet (someone: -nak/-nek), to say hello
    Köszönök nektek.I greet you.
  2. (transitive) to thank (someone: -nak/-nek, for something: -t/-ot/-at/-et/-öt)
    Köszönök nektek mindent! Thank you all for everything!

Usage notes

  • As shown in the examples, the only grammatical clue to decide the meaning of the verb in a given sentence (aside from context) is to check whether it has an object (the thing being thanked for, indirect object in English), even if it is indefinite (köszönök mindent (thank you for everything)) or implicit (köszönöm, definite conjugation ).
  • If there is no reference to the thing thanked for, the phrase köszönetet mond (literally to say thanks, to tell someone thanks) needs to be used.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Verb forms lexicalized as interjections

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ köszön in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ köszön in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

  • köszön in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN