niebo

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish niebo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Syllabification: nie‧bo

Noun

niebo n

1. sky (atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen)
2. (religion) heaven (abode of God or the gods, traditionally conceived as beyond the sky; afterlife of the blessed dead, traditionally conceived as opposed to an afterlife of the wicked and unjust)
3. (anatomy) palate (roof of the mouth)
4. vault of a bread oven
5. canopy over a bed

Further reading

• Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “niebo”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 4, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 299

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nebò. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ɲɛbɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ɲɛbɔ/

Noun

niebo n (related adjective niebieski)

1. sky; heaven

   Synonyms: niebiosa, niebie

   • Beginning of the 15th century, Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎, page 1b:

     Isczy on nebo y szemø osfecza

     [Iżci on niebo i ziemię oświeca]

   • 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎, 9, 6:

     Ti gesz vczinyl nyebo y nyebo nyebyos (caelum et caelum caelorum), y wszitkø voyskø gich

     [Ty jeś uczynił niebo i niebo niebios (caelum et caelum caelorum), i wszytkę wojskę jich]

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• Masurian: niebo
• Polish: niebo
• Silesian: niebo

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “niebo”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Mańczak, Witold (2017) “niebo”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “niebo”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “niebo”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

niebo

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish niebo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɲɛ.bɔ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈɲɛ.bɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛbɔ
• Syllabification: nie‧bo

Noun

niebo n

1. sky (atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen)

   Synonyms: błękit, firmament, niebiosa, nieboskłon

2. (religion) heaven (abode of God or the gods, traditionally conceived as beyond the sky; afterlife of the blessed dead, traditionally conceived as opposed to an afterlife of the wicked and unjust)

   Synonyms: Królestwo Niebieskie, niebiosa, raj

   Coordinate term: piekło

   Alternative form: Niebo

3. (religion) God

   Synonyms: Bóg, Najwyższy, niebiosa, Opatrzność, Stworzyciel, Stwórca, Wiekuisty, Wszechmocny

   Alternative form: Niebo

4. (figuratively) heaven (bliss, extreme happiness or pleasure)

   Synonym: raj

5. (obsolete, figuratively) sky (part of the sky which can be seen from a specific place or at a specific time; its climate, condition, etc.)
6. (Middle Polish) sky; Further details are uncertain.
   • 1528, J. Murmelius, Dictionarius‎, page 2:

     Coelum, [...] Der hymmel. Nyebo.

Declension

Derived terms

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), niebo is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 8 times in scientific texts, 2 times in news, 2 times in essays, 33 times in fiction, and 20 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 65 times, making it the 1010th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• niebo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• niebo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “niebo”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “NIEBO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 21.04.2016
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “niebo”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “niebo”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “niebo”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 257
• niebo in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish niebo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɲɛbɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɛbɔ
• Syllabification: nie‧bo

Noun

niebo n (related adjective niebieski)

1. sky (atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen)
2. (religion) heaven (abode of God or the gods, traditionally conceived as beyond the sky; afterlife of the blessed dead, traditionally conceived as opposed to an afterlife of the wicked and unjust)

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• niebo in dykcjonorz.eu
• niebo in silling.org
• Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “niebo”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKRBL, page 101
• Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “ńebo”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski‎, page 456