olahraga
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Indonesian
Etymology
Derived from Malay olahraga, compound of olah (“to process”) + raga (“body”), from calque from Japanese 体操 (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics”, literally “body exercise”).
Pronunciation
Noun
olahraga
- exercise; any activity intended to improve physical strength and fitness.
- sport,
- any activity that uses physical exertion or skills competitively under a set of rules that is not based on aesthetics.
- something done for fun, regardless of its design or intended purpose.
Usage notes
- The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay olahraga.
- The sense "exercise" only refers to physical exercise, not mental exercise.
- However, "mind sports" like chess still fall under olahraga because they are also considered sports, fitting the "sport" sense of the term.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “olahraga” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
Compound of olah + raga, calque from Japanese 体操 (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics”, literally “body exercise”).
Pronunciation
Noun
olahraga (Jawi spelling اولهراݢ, informal 1st possessive olahragaku, 2nd possessive olahragamu, 3rd possessive olahraganya)
- (sports) A group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country and racewalking; athletics.
Usage notes
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian olahraga.
Synonyms
- atletik (uncommon in Malaysia, sole standard in Indonesia)
Hypernyms
Further reading
- “olahraga” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.