sóher

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Hungarian

Etymology

From Yiddish שחור (shokher, black), from Hebrew שחור / שָׁחֹר (shakhór, black), possibly through German schocher (used in argot), having the same semantic shift of “black” → “poor” as occurred with schwarz.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

sóher (comparative sóherebb, superlative legsóherebb)

  1. (colloquial) poor (with little or no money)
    Synonyms: pénztelen, szegény
  2. (colloquial, derogatory) stingy (unwilling to spend, give, or share)
    Synonyms: garasoskodó, krajcároskodó, smucig, fösvény, fukar, szűkmarkú, zsugori

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative sóher sóherek
accusative sóhert sóhereket
dative sóhernek sóhereknek
instrumental sóherrel sóherekkel
causal-final sóherért sóherekért
translative sóherré sóherekké
terminative sóherig sóherekig
essive-formal sóherként sóherekként
essive-modal sóherül
inessive sóherben sóherekben
superessive sóheren sóhereken
adessive sóhernél sóhereknél
illative sóherbe sóherekbe
sublative sóherre sóherekre
allative sóherhez sóherekhez
elative sóherből sóherekből
delative sóherről sóherekről
ablative sóhertől sóherektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
sóheré sóhereké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
sóheréi sóherekéi

Noun

sóher (plural sóherek)

  1. (colloquial) a pauper (someone who is poor)
    • 1975, Imre Kertész, Sorstalanság, Budapest: Magvető Könyvkiadó (2016), →ISBN, page 25:
      – A tizenkettedik órában vagyunk – így szólt, egyre a kezét dörzsölgetve. S még azt is hozzátette: – Bár olyan biztos lettem volna akármelyik tippemben, mint ebben, akkor most nem egy sóher lennék!
      “We are in the twelfth hour,” he said, rubbing his hands together constantly. And then he added: “I wish I had been this sure of some of my other tips. I wouldn't be a pauper now.”
      “We are now at the twelfth hour,” was how he put it, rubbing his hands all the more. To that he also added, “If I had ever been so sure about any of my tips as I am about this one, I wouldn’t be stone broke now!”

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative sóher sóherek
accusative sóhert sóhereket
dative sóhernek sóhereknek
instrumental sóherrel sóherekkel
causal-final sóherért sóherekért
translative sóherré sóherekké
terminative sóherig sóherekig
essive-formal sóherként sóherekként
essive-modal
inessive sóherben sóherekben
superessive sóheren sóhereken
adessive sóhernél sóhereknél
illative sóherbe sóherekbe
sublative sóherre sóherekre
allative sóherhez sóherekhez
elative sóherből sóherekből
delative sóherről sóherekről
ablative sóhertől sóherektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
sóheré sóhereké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
sóheréi sóherekéi
Possessive forms of sóher
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. sóherem sóhereim
2nd person sing. sóhered sóhereid
3rd person sing. sóhere sóherei
1st person plural sóherünk sóhereink
2nd person plural sóheretek sóhereitek
3rd person plural sóherük sóhereik

References

  1. ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
  2. ^ sóher in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • sóher in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN