sustraer

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Spanish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier substraer, borrowed from Latin subtrahere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sustɾaˈeɾ/
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: sus‧tra‧er

Verb

sustraer (first-person singular present sustraigo, first-person singular preterite sustraje, past participle sustraído)

  1. (transitive, mathematics) to subtract
  2. (transitive) to take away, put aside
  3. (transitive) to steal, rob
    • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 200:
      Para que una persona que se empeña en cambiar de residencia, permanezca en el lugar donde está, todo el tiempo que se desea, no hay sino substraerle, sin que ella lo sepa, alguna prenda de uso personal suyo, y llevársela a una Bruja para que la vuelva piedra.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  4. (reflexive) (+ de algo) to do away with

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sustraer (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive sustraer
gerund sustrayendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular sustraído sustraída
plural sustraídos sustraídas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present sustraigo sustraestú
sustraésvos 		sustrae sustraemos sustraéis sustraen
imperfect sustraía sustraías sustraía sustraíamos sustraíais sustraían
preterite sustraje sustrajiste sustrajo sustrajimos sustrajisteis sustrajeron
future sustraeré sustraerás sustraerá sustraeremos sustraeréis sustraerán
conditional sustraería sustraerías sustraería sustraeríamos sustraeríais sustraerían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present sustraiga sustraigastú
sustraigásvos2 		sustraiga sustraigamos sustraigáis sustraigan
imperfect
(ra) 		sustrajera sustrajeras sustrajera sustrajéramos sustrajerais sustrajeran
imperfect
(se) 		sustrajese sustrajeses sustrajese sustrajésemos sustrajeseis sustrajesen
future1 sustrajere sustrajeres sustrajere sustrajéremos sustrajereis sustrajeren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative sustraetú
sustraévos 		sustraiga sustraigamos sustraed sustraigan
negative no sustraigas no sustraiga no sustraigamos no sustraigáis no sustraigan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of sustraer (irregular)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive sustraer dative sustraerme sustraerte sustraerle, sustraerse sustraernos sustraeros sustraerles, sustraerse
accusative sustraerme sustraerte sustraerlo, sustraerla, sustraerse sustraernos sustraeros sustraerlos, sustraerlas, sustraerse
with gerund sustrayendo dative sustrayéndome sustrayéndote sustrayéndole, sustrayéndose sustrayéndonos sustrayéndoos sustrayéndoles, sustrayéndose
accusative sustrayéndome sustrayéndote sustrayéndolo, sustrayéndola, sustrayéndose sustrayéndonos sustrayéndoos sustrayéndolos, sustrayéndolas, sustrayéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sustrae dative sustráeme sustráete sustráele sustráenos not used sustráeles
accusative sustráeme sustráete sustráelo, sustráela sustráenos not used sustráelos, sustráelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sustraé dative sustraeme sustraete sustraele sustraenos not used sustraeles
accusative sustraeme sustraete sustraelo, sustraela sustraenos not used sustraelos, sustraelas
with formal second-person singular imperative sustraiga dative sustráigame not used sustráigale, sustráigase sustráiganos not used sustráigales
accusative sustráigame not used sustráigalo, sustráigala, sustráigase sustráiganos not used sustráigalos, sustráigalas
with first-person plural imperative sustraigamos dative not used sustraigámoste sustraigámosle sustraigámonos sustraigámoos sustraigámosles
accusative not used sustraigámoste sustraigámoslo, sustraigámosla sustraigámonos sustraigámoos sustraigámoslos, sustraigámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative sustraed dative sustraedme not used sustraedle sustraednos sustraeos sustraedles
accusative sustraedme not used sustraedlo, sustraedla sustraednos sustraeos sustraedlos, sustraedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative sustraigan dative sustráiganme not used sustráiganle sustráigannos not used sustráiganles, sustráiganse
accusative sustráiganme not used sustráiganlo, sustráiganla sustráigannos not used sustráiganlos, sustráiganlas, sustráiganse

Further reading

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