trafferthu

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Welsh

Etymology

From trafferth (“trouble, bother”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

Verb

trafferthu (first-person singular present trafferthaf)

  1. (intransitive) to cause trouble, to cause bother
  2. (intransitive) to bother, to go to the trouble, to make an effort
    Synonym: ymdrafferthu

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future trafferthaf trafferthi traffertha trafferthwn trafferthwch trafferthant trafferthir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		trafferthwn trafferthit trafferthai trafferthem trafferthech trafferthent trafferthid
preterite trafferthais trafferthaist trafferthodd trafferthasom trafferthasoch trafferthasant trafferthwyd
pluperfect trafferthaswn trafferthasit trafferthasai trafferthasem trafferthasech trafferthasent trafferthasid, trafferthesid
present subjunctive trafferthwyf trafferthych traffertho trafferthom trafferthoch trafferthont trafferther
imperative — traffertha trafferthed trafferthwn trafferthwch trafferthent trafferther
verbal noun trafferthu
verbal adjectives trafferthedig
trafferthadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future traffertha i, trafferthaf i trafferthi di trafferthith o/e/hi, trafferthiff e/hi trafferthwn ni trafferthwch chi trafferthan nhw
conditional trafferthwn i, trafferthswn i trafferthet ti, trafferthset ti trafferthai fo/fe/hi, trafferthsai fo/fe/hi trafferthen ni, trafferthsen ni trafferthech chi, trafferthsech chi trafferthen nhw, trafferthsen nhw
preterite trafferthais i, trafferthes i trafferthaist ti, trafferthest ti trafferthodd o/e/hi trafferthon ni trafferthoch chi trafferthon nhw
imperative — traffertha — — trafferthwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
trafferthu drafferthu nhrafferthu thrafferthu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “trafferthu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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