tromper

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French tromper, from Old French tromper (“to tramp, trump, delude”, literally “to play on the trumpet”), from trompe (“trump, trumpet”), from Frankish *trumpa (“trump, trumpet”), from a common Germanic word akin to Old High German trumba, trumpa (“trump, trumpet”), ultimately imitative.

More at tramp, tromp, trump.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tʁɔ̃.pe/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: trom‧per

Verb

tromper

  1. (transitive) to deceive, lead astray, mislead
  2. (transitive) to trick, dupe
  3. (transitive) to cheat on one's significant other
  4. (transitive) to distract oneself from
  5. (reflexive) to make a mistake, be wrong
    New York est la capitale des États-Unis. Ah non, je me trompe, c’est Washington.
    New York is the capital of the United states. Wait, I'm wrong, it's Washington.
  6. (reflexive) to mix up
    On est en retard parce qu’on s’est trompé de route, mais on ne s’est rendu compte qu’après une demie heure.
    We're late because we took the wrong road, and we only realized after half an hour.

Conjugation

Conjugation of tromper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple tromper
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple trompant
/tʁɔ̃.pɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle trompé
/tʁɔ̃.pe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present trompe
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompes
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompe
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompons
/tʁɔ̃.pɔ̃/ 		trompez
/tʁɔ̃.pe/ 		trompent
/tʁɔ̃p/
imperfect trompais
/tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		trompais
/tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		trompait
/tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		trompions
/tʁɔ̃.pjɔ̃/ 		trompiez
/tʁɔ̃.pje/ 		trompaient
/tʁɔ̃.pɛ/
past historic2 trompai
/tʁɔ̃.pe/ 		trompas
/tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		trompa
/tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		trompâmes
/tʁɔ̃.pam/ 		trompâtes
/tʁɔ̃.pat/ 		trompèrent
/tʁɔ̃.pɛʁ/
future tromperai
/tʁɔ̃.pʁe/ 		tromperas
/tʁɔ̃.pʁa/ 		trompera
/tʁɔ̃.pʁa/ 		tromperons
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɔ̃/ 		tromperez
/tʁɔ̃.pʁe/ 		tromperont
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɔ̃/
conditional tromperais
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		tromperais
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		tromperait
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		tromperions
/tʁɔ̃.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		tromperiez
/tʁɔ̃.pə.ʁje/ 		tromperaient
/tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present trompe
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompes
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompe
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		trompions
/tʁɔ̃.pjɔ̃/ 		trompiez
/tʁɔ̃.pje/ 		trompent
/tʁɔ̃p/
imperfect2 trompasse
/tʁɔ̃.pas/ 		trompasses
/tʁɔ̃.pas/ 		trompât
/tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		trompassions
/tʁɔ̃.pa.sjɔ̃/ 		trompassiez
/tʁɔ̃.pa.sje/ 		trompassent
/tʁɔ̃.pas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — trompe
/tʁɔ̃p/ 		— trompons
/tʁɔ̃.pɔ̃/ 		trompez
/tʁɔ̃.pe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Conjugation of se tromper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple se tromper
compound s'être + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple se trompant
/sə tʁɔ̃.pɑ̃/
compound ayant or étant + past participle
past participle trompé
/tʁɔ̃.pe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present me trompe
/mə tʁɔ̃p/ 		te trompes
/tə tʁɔ̃p/ 		se trompe
/sə tʁɔ̃p/ 		nous trompons
/nu tʁɔ̃.pɔ̃/ 		vous trompez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pe/ 		se trompent
/sə tʁɔ̃p/
imperfect me trompais
/mə tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		te trompais
/tə tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		se trompait
/sə tʁɔ̃.pɛ/ 		nous trompions
/nu tʁɔ̃.pjɔ̃/ 		vous trompiez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pje/ 		se trompaient
/sə tʁɔ̃.pɛ/
past historic2 me trompai
/mə tʁɔ̃.pe/ 		te trompas
/tə tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		se trompa
/sə tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		nous trompâmes
/nu tʁɔ̃.pam/ 		vous trompâtes
/vu tʁɔ̃.pat/ 		se trompèrent
/sə tʁɔ̃.pɛʁ/
future me tromperai
/mə tʁɔ̃.pʁe/ 		te tromperas
/tə tʁɔ̃.pʁa/ 		se trompera
/sə tʁɔ̃.pʁa/ 		nous tromperons
/nu tʁɔ̃.pʁɔ̃/ 		vous tromperez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pʁe/ 		se tromperont
/sə tʁɔ̃.pʁɔ̃/
conditional me tromperais
/mə tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		te tromperais
/tə tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		se tromperait
/sə tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/ 		nous tromperions
/nu tʁɔ̃.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		vous tromperiez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pə.ʁje/ 		se tromperaient
/sə tʁɔ̃.pʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of s'être + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of s'être + past participle
future perfect future of s'être + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of s'être + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present me trompe
/mə tʁɔ̃p/ 		te trompes
/tə tʁɔ̃p/ 		se trompe
/sə tʁɔ̃p/ 		nous trompions
/nu tʁɔ̃.pjɔ̃/ 		vous trompiez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pje/ 		se trompent
/sə tʁɔ̃p/
imperfect2 me trompasse
/mə tʁɔ̃.pas/ 		te trompasses
/tə tʁɔ̃.pas/ 		se trompât
/sə tʁɔ̃.pa/ 		nous trompassions
/nu tʁɔ̃.pa.sjɔ̃/ 		vous trompassiez
/vu tʁɔ̃.pa.sje/ 		se trompassent
/sə tʁɔ̃.pas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of s'être + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — trompe-toi
/tʁɔ̃p.twa/ 		— trompons-nous
/tʁɔ̃.pɔ̃.nu/ 		trompez-vous
/tʁɔ̃.pe.vu/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of s'être + past participle — simple imperative of s'être + past participle simple imperative of s'être + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

Middle English

Noun

tromper

  1. Alternative form of trompour

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French tromper (“to tramp, trump, delude”, literally “to play on the trumpet”), from trompe (“trump, trumpet”), from Frankish *trumpa (“trump, trumpet”), from a common Germanic word akin to Old High German trumba, trumpa (“trump, trumpet”), ultimately imitative.

Verb

tromper

  1. to trick; to deceive

Conjugation

  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of tromper
infinitive simple tromper
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple trompant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle trompé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present trompe trompes trompe trompons trompez trompent
imperfect trompois, trompoys trompois, trompoys trompoit, trompoyt trompions, trompyons trompiez, trompyez trompoient, trompoyent
past historic trompa trompas trompa trompasmes trompastes tromperent
future tromperai, tromperay tromperas trompera tromperons tromperez tromperont
conditional tromperois, tromperoys tromperois, tromperoys tromperoit, tromperoyt tromperions, tromperyons tromperiez, tromperyez tromperoient, tromperoyent
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present trompe trompes trompe trompons trompez trompent
imperfect trompasse trompasses trompast trompassions trompassiez trompassent
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — trompe — trompons trompez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château , Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château , op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

  • French: tromper
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